Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: Gating is a relatively new urban process, which has gained significance particularly in the last decade. The present study focuses on the contemporary link between gating and residential segregation in the context of urban inequality. It seems that by gaining significance as a social process gating if not replacing the process of segregation at least to some extent is becoming as prominent as segregation. Therefore the research question we pose is: Are gating and segregation two forms of urban inequality structurally correlated to a significant extent, thus manifestations of the same or different social disadvantages?
The results indicate that gating and residential segregation are significantly and negatively correlated and seem to be driven by different social structural mechanisms. Instead of reinforcing each other in cities, the two processes seem to be alternative forms or urban inequality: residential segregation is more prevalent in the Northeast region of the U.S. as compared to the West and the South, and it heavily depends on the level of black population and black income in metropolitan areas. At the same time, the level of gating is significantly higher in the West and the South compared to the Northeast, and seems more dependent on urban housing characteristics than on macroeconomic characteristics. In addition, percent Hispanic is the one factor which positively and significantly influences the increase in gating in the period between 2001 and 2003. In these respects gating can be considered as the new frontier of urban inequality.
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