We refresh our course database every year course at King's College London (University Of London), UK was updated on 2nd Sep 2008.
Please note reviews of , King's College London (University Of London), UK are the independent opinions of our users and not of Hotcourses India or uniguru.com
Late Antique / Byzantine links
K.H. Kinzl's useful "The Main Literary Sources For Late Antiquity," short descriptions of some sixty sources. See also his Select bibliography of monographs on Late Antiquity.
Society for Late Antiquity, an enormous list of resources, including information on the LT-ANTIQ discussion list and an enormous list of sources on the web.
Amazon. Late Antiquity : A Guide to the Postclassical World, ed. G.W. Bowersock, Oleg Grabar and Peter Robert Lamont Brown. A fantastic book! See The Harvard UP review clippings.
Reviewed by Ralph Mathisen, BMCR 2000.
"In general, the volume's great strength lies in its non-political, topical entries relating to late antique practices and institutions. These are just the things that are lacking in standard dictionaries of people and places. In this regard, this "Guide to the Postclassical World" fills an essential niche not occupied by any other existing compendia. The attention it gives to the eastern world, and to integrating (as much as possible) the Roman and Sassanian/Islamic worlds into a single whole, also is to be welcomed. It makes a strong case for focusing upon the similarities, rather than the differences, between the eastern and western worlds."
Robert M. Grant for The Christian Century.
Rochelle Caviness for Suite 10. "It is difficult to find anything bad to say about this book."
Stephen Gapps for mail-group "living-history" (brief boosterism)
BYZANS-L, a discussion group for Byzantine Studies, Subscription Information.
Byzantium: Byzantine Studies on the Net, edited by Paul Halsall. Includes numerous link-lists and other useful matter.
Gouden Hoorn (Golden Horn), Journal of Byzantium. Edited by Annabelle Parker and André de Raaij. Newly relocated to this site!
John Julius Norwich, Byzantium: The Early Centuries, Byzantium: The Apogee and Byzantium: The Decline and Fall.
Discussion of whether John Julius Norwich's books are good from Byzans-L. Search down, it's in two pieces. Somewhat heated.
Paul Halsall: "John Julius Norwich is a more-than-competant writer of narrative history. His works are not, however, in any sense anything more than archaic popularisations... As a member of the British elite he seems to take the history of the elite to be history itself. This was all very well 50 years ago and even then Ostrogorsky, whose work remains the best introduction, at least addressed class and economic issues, but I, at least, hope we have transcended the period when history writing was an upper-class entertainment."
Harvey David: "Unfortunately there is no popular market for most works on Byzantine history (by popular I mean a market among those who are interested in the study of history, but, like myself, pursue this as a leisure interest), without authors such as Norwich we are unlikely ever to have one, or to draw more individuals to take a serious interest. My own interest in 'Byzantinology' developed from a book of a BBC radio series which was concerned exclusively with political and art history. I doubt if Angold's economic history of the 12th Century would have gripped in quite the same way - I was 16."
Amazon. A Short History of Byzantium by John Julius Norwich.
New York Times review by Michael Anderson (1997).
Anne Comnena, The Alexiad. Newly on the web from Paul Halsall and his Internet Medieval Sourcebook. (Fantastic!)
Amazon. Constantinople: City of the World's Desire, 1453-1924 by Philip Mansel. Currently out of stock.
Excerpt: Chapter one (courtesy the Wasington Post)
Review by John Ash for the Washington Post.
"I am convinced that it will continue to perform its historic role as 'a door in the wall between Islam and Christianity' and, more generally, between East and West. It is a place we need now more than ever."
All material © 2000–2004 Tim Spalding.
Presented in Association with Amazon
If you enjoy this site you may also like these other sites by me:
Alexander the Great on the Web. Over 1,000 annotated links and 200 images of the Macedonian conqueror.
The Istanbul Mosaic Museum on the Web. Guide and gallery to these Justinianic masterpieces.
Herodotus on the Web. Linked guide to the life and writings of the Herodotus of Halicarnassus, the father of history
Gouden Hoorn / Golden Horn. Journal about Byzantium. (Hosted here, but edited independently)
Sunday, March 29, 2009
Jewish Studies
Please note: This site has not been substantially updated since 2001. Thank you to everyone who has sent me information about other African-Jewish communities and/or observances. I plan to some day revise the site to add new information, especially about the Igbo of Nigeria.***
Did you know there are Jewish communities all over Africa?
Western Jews do not always imagine that people of different skin colors and from distant cultures could be Jewish, but the truth is that there are currently indigenous communities observing traditional Jewish rituals all over the continent of Africa. True, most Jewish communities in Africa bear little resemblance to Jewish communities in Europe or North America – they look different, speak different languages, embrace music and culture with which many Western Jews are unfamiliar – yet these communities have religious practices that everyone who is Jewish would recognize. Each community that practices Judaism in Africa has come to the religion in a different way. Some believe themselves to be descendents of the "lost Tribes of Israel," others are members of communities that have been Jewish for two millennia, while other groups have accepted Judaism in recent years because it is the religion that most resonates with their lives. The one factor that unifies these communities is that they are proud to call themselves Jewish, and would like the international Jewish community to accept them as Jews.
In the fall of 1999 journalist and musician Jay Sand visited the Jewish communities in Ghana and Uganda, and in 2000 he visited groups in Southern and Northern Africa. The Jews of Africa program will introduce you to the fascinating, complex and often eye-opening world of African Jewry through his multifaceted, multimedia "Jews of Africa" presentation.
This web site will give you a taste of what "The Jews of Africa" presentation will offer you and the members of your organization. The photos on this site are from the House of Israel Community in Ghana and the Abayudaya of Uganda (and a few of Timbuktu, Mali, an area with a rich Jewish history). By the end of this summer the site will also include Jay’s images from Morocco, Tunisia, South Africa and Zimbabwe. (Click on each image for a description.)
What? African Jews?? -- the history of African Jewry
[Recently I (Jay) have been working with Bryan Schwartz of Scattered Among the Nations on a photography book project called Jews of Color: In Color!. Check out the Scattered Among the Nations web site for updates and more information.]
(would you like to listen to some african-jewish music as you're looking through the site? go here first.)
Contact Jay Sand at JayPSand@yahoo.com with any questions.
Did you know there are Jewish communities all over Africa?
Western Jews do not always imagine that people of different skin colors and from distant cultures could be Jewish, but the truth is that there are currently indigenous communities observing traditional Jewish rituals all over the continent of Africa. True, most Jewish communities in Africa bear little resemblance to Jewish communities in Europe or North America – they look different, speak different languages, embrace music and culture with which many Western Jews are unfamiliar – yet these communities have religious practices that everyone who is Jewish would recognize. Each community that practices Judaism in Africa has come to the religion in a different way. Some believe themselves to be descendents of the "lost Tribes of Israel," others are members of communities that have been Jewish for two millennia, while other groups have accepted Judaism in recent years because it is the religion that most resonates with their lives. The one factor that unifies these communities is that they are proud to call themselves Jewish, and would like the international Jewish community to accept them as Jews.
In the fall of 1999 journalist and musician Jay Sand visited the Jewish communities in Ghana and Uganda, and in 2000 he visited groups in Southern and Northern Africa. The Jews of Africa program will introduce you to the fascinating, complex and often eye-opening world of African Jewry through his multifaceted, multimedia "Jews of Africa" presentation.
This web site will give you a taste of what "The Jews of Africa" presentation will offer you and the members of your organization. The photos on this site are from the House of Israel Community in Ghana and the Abayudaya of Uganda (and a few of Timbuktu, Mali, an area with a rich Jewish history). By the end of this summer the site will also include Jay’s images from Morocco, Tunisia, South Africa and Zimbabwe. (Click on each image for a description.)
What? African Jews?? -- the history of African Jewry
[Recently I (Jay) have been working with Bryan Schwartz of Scattered Among the Nations on a photography book project called Jews of Color: In Color!. Check out the Scattered Among the Nations web site for updates and more information.]
(would you like to listen to some african-jewish music as you're looking through the site? go here first.)
Contact Jay Sand at JayPSand@yahoo.com with any questions.
Human Rights
Welcome to Derechos Chile, the web site that traces the history of human rights in Chile from 1973, the year of the military coup, through to the present. This site brings you testimonies, documents, photographs, and other information of interest. Derechos Chile also offers an up to date news service on human rights in Chile. You will find this site has information for people who are just beginning to learn about Chile and human rights as well as for those who are part of its history... if you want to know more about the site, read on!
Why look At The Past?
"It is best to remain silent and to forget. It is the only thing to do: we must forget. And forgetting does not occur by opening cases, putting people in jail. FOR-GET, this is the word, and for this to occur, both sides have to forget and continue working"
(Former General Augusto Pinochet, September 13, 1995, two days after the 22nd anniversary of the military coup)
The team that is developing this site is guided, above all, by the word "memory." Since Chile began its "transition" to democracy, in 1990, constant appeals have been made to forget the past, appeals to a specific group of people about a specific period in their history. Yet the contradictions of this recent past are still visible today and are part of daily life. If people are asked to forget, it is because they have memory. Derechos Chile works on the premise that to remember, to have memory, is in itself a right that some have tried to deny Chileans. But we believe, as do countless others in Chile and around the world, that it is of utmost importance to acknowledge the past in order to recover the clues needed to understand the present.
Derechos Chile works on the past parallel to the present. It provides a tool for understanding the present by way of the past. As a consequence of 17 years of military rule, many issues remain untouched and taboo, conflicts unresolved and wounds still open. The behavior of Chileans has been shaped by other days and other experiences that have a place in history, but which continue to influence today’s events. With this in mind, we have created this site to chronicle the history of human rights in Chile during the past 25 years as well as the history of the defense of those rights by those who did not passively accept the abuses.
We hope Derechos Chile will contribute to the recovery of historical memory in Chile. We also hope to contribute to the process of building roads to a future where the rights of all Chileans are respected.
Chile: Past and Present
"We have to protect the previous Army leadership ... and in my personal opinion, I do not think it is advisable to look back at things that happened in the past... these situations must be analyzed by history itself, because it is not convenient to get into situations that will provoke confrontations in this country"
(Commander-in-chief of the Army, General Ricardo Izurieta, May 27, 1998)
Chile approaches the year 2000 with the unforgettable legacy of a recent past marking its footsteps. In 1989, the Chilean people participated in free, democratic elections for the first time since the installation, 17 years earlier, of a military regime. The man who led that authoritarian government, General Augusto Pinochet, is the same man who, since his retirement in March 1998, occupies the nation’s first ever lifetime seat in the Senate.
At present, Chile is going through a period considered by many to be one of economic boom and sophisticated "modernization." Yet the democracy that has existed in Chile since 1990, known as "the transition," is built upon concealment of the truth and upon the impunity which protects those who committed human rights abuses that have scarred the lives of thousands of Chileans.
During the dictatorship years - which had its violent beginning in 1973 and ended in 1990 when power was handed over to Patricio Aylwin - Chileans were subjected to systematic and massive violations of their most basic human rights. Official figures indicate that nearly 3,000 people were executed, disappeared or lost their lives as a result of torture and political violence. There is no official tally, however, of the thousands of people who survived politically-motivated imprisonment, torture, and other forms of human rights violations during those years.
"Remembering helps the people of a country avoid committing the same crimes, calling things by their name; a criminal is a criminal... The worst thing that could happen in Chile... would be for oblivion to do away with this problem"
(Sola Sierra, president of the Association of Relatives of the Disappeared, El Siglo, February 20, 1998)
Who We Are and How We Work
The Derechos Chile site is produced by compiling part of the vast body of information that already exists in the form of testimonies, documents, books, articles, and others. Our focus is limited to a specific groups of rights - the right to life, the rights to personal integrity, liberty and security, the right to live in one’s own country and the right to participate in government. The exclusion of other rights does not undermine their importance. Indeed, we recognize that other human rights are being violated day after day in Chile. These will be addressed in the "Features" section of the "Newsroom" where we will present articles and essays related to a broader definition of human rights.
The Derechos Chile site is developed by Louise Egan, Maxine Lowy and Isabel Toledo with funding from the Ford Foundation and is administered by the Chile Information Project..
Our work is guided by a group of advisors - many with a long and distinguished career in human rights-related fields - who contribute their time voluntarily. We thank them for the valuable contribution their expertise makes to the site.
We would also like to thank the photographers - Helen Hughes, Nelson Mu�oz, Luis Navarro and Marcelo Dauros - whose images give witness to the obstinacy of memory. For more information about these photographers and their work
Why look At The Past?
"It is best to remain silent and to forget. It is the only thing to do: we must forget. And forgetting does not occur by opening cases, putting people in jail. FOR-GET, this is the word, and for this to occur, both sides have to forget and continue working"
(Former General Augusto Pinochet, September 13, 1995, two days after the 22nd anniversary of the military coup)
The team that is developing this site is guided, above all, by the word "memory." Since Chile began its "transition" to democracy, in 1990, constant appeals have been made to forget the past, appeals to a specific group of people about a specific period in their history. Yet the contradictions of this recent past are still visible today and are part of daily life. If people are asked to forget, it is because they have memory. Derechos Chile works on the premise that to remember, to have memory, is in itself a right that some have tried to deny Chileans. But we believe, as do countless others in Chile and around the world, that it is of utmost importance to acknowledge the past in order to recover the clues needed to understand the present.
Derechos Chile works on the past parallel to the present. It provides a tool for understanding the present by way of the past. As a consequence of 17 years of military rule, many issues remain untouched and taboo, conflicts unresolved and wounds still open. The behavior of Chileans has been shaped by other days and other experiences that have a place in history, but which continue to influence today’s events. With this in mind, we have created this site to chronicle the history of human rights in Chile during the past 25 years as well as the history of the defense of those rights by those who did not passively accept the abuses.
We hope Derechos Chile will contribute to the recovery of historical memory in Chile. We also hope to contribute to the process of building roads to a future where the rights of all Chileans are respected.
Chile: Past and Present
"We have to protect the previous Army leadership ... and in my personal opinion, I do not think it is advisable to look back at things that happened in the past... these situations must be analyzed by history itself, because it is not convenient to get into situations that will provoke confrontations in this country"
(Commander-in-chief of the Army, General Ricardo Izurieta, May 27, 1998)
Chile approaches the year 2000 with the unforgettable legacy of a recent past marking its footsteps. In 1989, the Chilean people participated in free, democratic elections for the first time since the installation, 17 years earlier, of a military regime. The man who led that authoritarian government, General Augusto Pinochet, is the same man who, since his retirement in March 1998, occupies the nation’s first ever lifetime seat in the Senate.
At present, Chile is going through a period considered by many to be one of economic boom and sophisticated "modernization." Yet the democracy that has existed in Chile since 1990, known as "the transition," is built upon concealment of the truth and upon the impunity which protects those who committed human rights abuses that have scarred the lives of thousands of Chileans.
During the dictatorship years - which had its violent beginning in 1973 and ended in 1990 when power was handed over to Patricio Aylwin - Chileans were subjected to systematic and massive violations of their most basic human rights. Official figures indicate that nearly 3,000 people were executed, disappeared or lost their lives as a result of torture and political violence. There is no official tally, however, of the thousands of people who survived politically-motivated imprisonment, torture, and other forms of human rights violations during those years.
"Remembering helps the people of a country avoid committing the same crimes, calling things by their name; a criminal is a criminal... The worst thing that could happen in Chile... would be for oblivion to do away with this problem"
(Sola Sierra, president of the Association of Relatives of the Disappeared, El Siglo, February 20, 1998)
Who We Are and How We Work
The Derechos Chile site is produced by compiling part of the vast body of information that already exists in the form of testimonies, documents, books, articles, and others. Our focus is limited to a specific groups of rights - the right to life, the rights to personal integrity, liberty and security, the right to live in one’s own country and the right to participate in government. The exclusion of other rights does not undermine their importance. Indeed, we recognize that other human rights are being violated day after day in Chile. These will be addressed in the "Features" section of the "Newsroom" where we will present articles and essays related to a broader definition of human rights.
The Derechos Chile site is developed by Louise Egan, Maxine Lowy and Isabel Toledo with funding from the Ford Foundation and is administered by the Chile Information Project..
Our work is guided by a group of advisors - many with a long and distinguished career in human rights-related fields - who contribute their time voluntarily. We thank them for the valuable contribution their expertise makes to the site.
We would also like to thank the photographers - Helen Hughes, Nelson Mu�oz, Luis Navarro and Marcelo Dauros - whose images give witness to the obstinacy of memory. For more information about these photographers and their work
History and Philosophy of Science
History and Philosophy of Science
The History and Philosophy of Science Research Group is an interdisciplinary community of scholars in the history and philosophy of science (HPS) including both faculty and graduate students. Members belong to the Faculties of Humanities, Social Sciences, Science, and Medicine, as well as Mount Royal College. First established in 1997, the Group's objective is to promote individual and collaborative research in HPS, and establish a network of HPS scholars at the University of Calgary. The Group meets at least once a month to discuss recent work in HPS, discuss members' own work, or host visiting scholars.
Darwin lectures homepage
Jan 13, Tuesday, noon, BI 211
Michael Lynch (Darwin lecture)
"Rethinking Genome Evolution"
January 23, Friday, 3:30, SS 1253.
Hank Stam
"The Snark was a Boojum revisited: Restricting the range of
species in animal psychology, 1898-1960"
Feb 4, Wednesday, 4 p.m., BI 211
Ehab Abouheif (Darwin lecture)
"What Darwin Didn't Know"
Feb 13, Friday, 4 p.m., ST 147 (time and place tentative)
Locke Rowe (Darwin lecture)
"The (Evolutionary) Battle of the Sexes"
March 3, Tuesday, 3:30, SS 1253
David Boutillier
March 6, Friday, noon, location TBA
Garland Allen (Darwin lecture, in conjunction with History of Medicine)
"Evolution, Genetics and Eugenics"
March 6, Friday, 4:00 p.m., SS 1253
Denis Walsh
"Mechanism,
Emergence and Miscibility"
March 20, Friday, 3;30 p.m., SS 1253
Paul Farber (Darwin lecture)
"Darwin
and Dobzhansky on Race"
March 24, Tuesday, 3:30, SS 1253
Travis Dumsday
"Natural Kinds, Laws, and the Problem of Complex
Essences"
March 25, Wednesday, 4 p.m., BI 211
David Bergen (Darwin lecture)
"Literary Darwinism and (the Function
of) Scripture"
March 31, Tuesday, 3;30, SS 1253
Dorothy Grover
"On Describing the World"
April 2, Thursday, 7 p.m., Telus Science Centre, TBA
Mott Greene
"Darwin, Man and Myth"
April 15, Wednesday, 4 p.m., BI 211
Paul Turner (Darwin lecture)
"Watching Evolution in Real Time"
The History and Philosophy of Science Research Group is an interdisciplinary community of scholars in the history and philosophy of science (HPS) including both faculty and graduate students. Members belong to the Faculties of Humanities, Social Sciences, Science, and Medicine, as well as Mount Royal College. First established in 1997, the Group's objective is to promote individual and collaborative research in HPS, and establish a network of HPS scholars at the University of Calgary. The Group meets at least once a month to discuss recent work in HPS, discuss members' own work, or host visiting scholars.
Darwin lectures homepage
Jan 13, Tuesday, noon, BI 211
Michael Lynch (Darwin lecture)
"Rethinking Genome Evolution"
January 23, Friday, 3:30, SS 1253.
Hank Stam
"The Snark was a Boojum revisited: Restricting the range of
species in animal psychology, 1898-1960"
Feb 4, Wednesday, 4 p.m., BI 211
Ehab Abouheif (Darwin lecture)
"What Darwin Didn't Know"
Feb 13, Friday, 4 p.m., ST 147 (time and place tentative)
Locke Rowe (Darwin lecture)
"The (Evolutionary) Battle of the Sexes"
March 3, Tuesday, 3:30, SS 1253
David Boutillier
March 6, Friday, noon, location TBA
Garland Allen (Darwin lecture, in conjunction with History of Medicine)
"Evolution, Genetics and Eugenics"
March 6, Friday, 4:00 p.m., SS 1253
Denis Walsh
"Mechanism,
Emergence and Miscibility"
March 20, Friday, 3;30 p.m., SS 1253
Paul Farber (Darwin lecture)
"Darwin
and Dobzhansky on Race"
March 24, Tuesday, 3:30, SS 1253
Travis Dumsday
"Natural Kinds, Laws, and the Problem of Complex
Essences"
March 25, Wednesday, 4 p.m., BI 211
David Bergen (Darwin lecture)
"Literary Darwinism and (the Function
of) Scripture"
March 31, Tuesday, 3;30, SS 1253
Dorothy Grover
"On Describing the World"
April 2, Thursday, 7 p.m., Telus Science Centre, TBA
Mott Greene
"Darwin, Man and Myth"
April 15, Wednesday, 4 p.m., BI 211
Paul Turner (Darwin lecture)
"Watching Evolution in Real Time"
Gender and Society
Gender & Society
About the journal
Published for the Sociologists for Women in Society by Sage Publications, the Gender & Society is the top gender journal in sociology. As of 2006 it was ranked sixth among 26 journals published in Women's Studies and 22nd among 93 sociology journals (based on journal impact factors as calculated by Thomson ISI). Follow the link to the publisher: http://gas.sagepub.com/
In 2007, the journal received 405 manuscripts, and accepted only eight percent of those submissions. This makes Gender & Society among the most competitive of all journals in sociology and women's studies. The journal office is in Waters Hall 204, Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Social Work at K-State.
People
Dana Britton, Professor of Sociology, is Editor-in-chief of Gender & Society. Two graduate students work as managing editors, Laura Logan, who is completing an MA in sociology, and Cindy Whitney, who is a PhD student.
Anthropology Program at Kansas State University
Now that globalization is reaching even the most remote corners of the world, the fundamental lessons of anthropology are no longer exotic luxury but necessity. With its holistic perspective and commitment to documenting and analyzing multiple different ways of life, past and present, anthropology is uniquely equipped to prepare our students to more realistically appreciate and effectively meet the challenges of our rapidly changing cultural realities.
Our program offers many opportunities to undergraduates that most programs in the world cannot offer. Our students often work right along side our faculty as teaching and research assistants. Our undergrads are offered hands-on training and experience in the methods of digital ethnography, archaeology, anthropological linguistics, and osteology.
Such experiences propel our students to win top scholarships and attend the best graduate programs in the world.
Perhaps more importantly, our students leave with a global and holistic perspective that serves them well in whatever career they might choose. Our graduates have had successful careers in a wide range of fields, including medicine, law, public service, and education.
Our faculty cover all four major subfields of anthropology and have worked in every major continent around the world. Their dedication to serving undergraduate students has won them several of the most prestigious university, state, and national teaching awards, and brought world-wide recognition to the program.
About the journal
Published for the Sociologists for Women in Society by Sage Publications, the Gender & Society is the top gender journal in sociology. As of 2006 it was ranked sixth among 26 journals published in Women's Studies and 22nd among 93 sociology journals (based on journal impact factors as calculated by Thomson ISI). Follow the link to the publisher: http://gas.sagepub.com/
In 2007, the journal received 405 manuscripts, and accepted only eight percent of those submissions. This makes Gender & Society among the most competitive of all journals in sociology and women's studies. The journal office is in Waters Hall 204, Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Social Work at K-State.
People
Dana Britton, Professor of Sociology, is Editor-in-chief of Gender & Society. Two graduate students work as managing editors, Laura Logan, who is completing an MA in sociology, and Cindy Whitney, who is a PhD student.
Anthropology Program at Kansas State University
Now that globalization is reaching even the most remote corners of the world, the fundamental lessons of anthropology are no longer exotic luxury but necessity. With its holistic perspective and commitment to documenting and analyzing multiple different ways of life, past and present, anthropology is uniquely equipped to prepare our students to more realistically appreciate and effectively meet the challenges of our rapidly changing cultural realities.
Our program offers many opportunities to undergraduates that most programs in the world cannot offer. Our students often work right along side our faculty as teaching and research assistants. Our undergrads are offered hands-on training and experience in the methods of digital ethnography, archaeology, anthropological linguistics, and osteology.
Such experiences propel our students to win top scholarships and attend the best graduate programs in the world.
Perhaps more importantly, our students leave with a global and holistic perspective that serves them well in whatever career they might choose. Our graduates have had successful careers in a wide range of fields, including medicine, law, public service, and education.
Our faculty cover all four major subfields of anthropology and have worked in every major continent around the world. Their dedication to serving undergraduate students has won them several of the most prestigious university, state, and national teaching awards, and brought world-wide recognition to the program.
Gay and Lesbian Studies
The Bible says about the Gay and Lesbians: Romans 1:18-32
1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of people who suppress the truth by their unrighteousness, 1:19 because what can be known about God is plain to them; because God has made it plain to them. 1:20 For since the creation of the world his invisible attributes—his eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, because they are understood through what has been made. So people are without excuse. 1:21 For although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God or give him thanks, but they became futile in their thoughts and their senseless hearts were darkened. 1:22 Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools 1:23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for an image resembling a mortal human being and birds and four-footed animals and reptiles.1:24 Therefore God gave them over in the desires of their hearts to impurity, to dishonor their bodies among themselves. 1:25. They exchanged the truth of God for a lie and worshiped and served the creation rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.1:26 For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged the natural sexual relations for unnatural ones, 1:27 and likewise the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed in their passions for one another. Men committed shameless acts with men and received in themselves the due penalty for their error. 1:28 And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do what should not be done. 1:29 They are filled with every kind of unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, malice. They are rife with envy, murder, strife, deceit, hostility. They are gossips, 1:30 slanderers, haters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, contrivers of all sorts of evil, disobedient to parents, 1:31 senseless, covenant-breakers, heartless, ruthless. 1:32. Although they fully know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them.
JesusChrist is Love… He invites you to leave the type of life you are living as a Lesbian or Homosexual, or similar… and you must be repented of it, you must confess this sin and never come back to do those homosexual or lesbians or similar activities, for sure, if your are sincerely repented… God will forgive you and He will give you the opportunity of have eternal life and live with God in Heaven when you die. Please do it now, accept in your heart the God of gods, Lord of lords, the King of kings. Repeat these words:
Lord, I confess this sin, please forgive me, I recognize you as God, I recognize that you died for me crucified, and now you live, please come in to my heart. I accept you as the Only God. Please write my name in the Book of Life and give me the opportunity to have eternal life. Give me the power, I do not want to come back, I would like to be a new creature. In the name of Jesus, Amen.
1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of people who suppress the truth by their unrighteousness, 1:19 because what can be known about God is plain to them; because God has made it plain to them. 1:20 For since the creation of the world his invisible attributes—his eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, because they are understood through what has been made. So people are without excuse. 1:21 For although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God or give him thanks, but they became futile in their thoughts and their senseless hearts were darkened. 1:22 Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools 1:23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for an image resembling a mortal human being and birds and four-footed animals and reptiles.1:24 Therefore God gave them over in the desires of their hearts to impurity, to dishonor their bodies among themselves. 1:25. They exchanged the truth of God for a lie and worshiped and served the creation rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.1:26 For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged the natural sexual relations for unnatural ones, 1:27 and likewise the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed in their passions for one another. Men committed shameless acts with men and received in themselves the due penalty for their error. 1:28 And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do what should not be done. 1:29 They are filled with every kind of unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, malice. They are rife with envy, murder, strife, deceit, hostility. They are gossips, 1:30 slanderers, haters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, contrivers of all sorts of evil, disobedient to parents, 1:31 senseless, covenant-breakers, heartless, ruthless. 1:32. Although they fully know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them.
JesusChrist is Love… He invites you to leave the type of life you are living as a Lesbian or Homosexual, or similar… and you must be repented of it, you must confess this sin and never come back to do those homosexual or lesbians or similar activities, for sure, if your are sincerely repented… God will forgive you and He will give you the opportunity of have eternal life and live with God in Heaven when you die. Please do it now, accept in your heart the God of gods, Lord of lords, the King of kings. Repeat these words:
Lord, I confess this sin, please forgive me, I recognize you as God, I recognize that you died for me crucified, and now you live, please come in to my heart. I accept you as the Only God. Please write my name in the Book of Life and give me the opportunity to have eternal life. Give me the power, I do not want to come back, I would like to be a new creature. In the name of Jesus, Amen.
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The History of Homosexuality : A 5 page paper that provides a very selective look at essays presented in Duberman's (et al, Eds.) work Hidden from History: Reclaiming the Gay and Lesbian Past. This work demonstrates issues in Ancient Greece, 17th century Japan, 18th century England and 20the century America. No additional sources cited. Gayhist.wps
Prejudice, Sexism & Homophobia : An 8 page paper that provides an overview of a number of articles on these three fundamentally connected issues, and then determines the impact of different perspectives on these issues. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Sexhom.wps
Homophobia in Society Analyzed : This 8 page research paper examines the continued (and socially-acceptable) practice of homophobia. Specifically considered are lack of homosexual tolerance exhibited by the religious community, in the military in the workplace, in the classroom, in the entertainment industry, and in professional sports, and attempts to draw conclusions why blatant homophobia continues to be accepted. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Homosoc.wps
Homosexuality, Theology, & The Church In The Twentieth Century : A 7 page paper on the issues surrounding the gay community’s search for an arena where it can express both its spirituality and its sexuality. The paper provides historical background on homophobia within the Judeo-Christian tradition and traces some of the developments and contributions of ‘gay theology today.’ Bibliography lists 7 sources. Gaytheo.wps
Adolescent Homosexuality : 5 page research paper on adolescent homosexuality. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Adolhomo.wps
Bisexuality / The Social and Psychological Aspects : A 9 page paper outlining bisexuality. Provides a definition of bisexuality and both a historical and contemporary overview of the phenomena. Discusses studies which point to homosexulity and bisexuality as being a normal and acceptable part of human behavior from a biological and historic standpoint. Bibliography lists seven sources. Bisex.wps
Transsexuality / Considerations In The Workplace : A 10 page overview of transsexuality and the issues which often arise in terms of societal perceptions. Includes an emphasis on the employer’s obligation to provide a safe, secure, and comfortable working environment for both the transsexual and the non-transsexual. Gives an overview of the legalities concerning the societal rights of transsexuals. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Transx.wps
Freud / Infantilism, Homosexuality, & Bisexuality : This 10 page essay discusses specific thoughts of Freud, such as how one comes to be stuck in an infantile mind set, and the essays/books in which they appeared. Two of the works mentioned are Civilization and its Discontents and Freud's account of Dora. The essay also mentions Freud's thoughts on happiness, homosexuality and bisexuality, on which he had lifelong strong convictions. Despite his detractors, Freud opened the world's eyes to aspects of human development theretofore unknown. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Infreud.wps
Gay & Lesbian Families : A 25 page research paper that considers the issues relative to gay and lesbian families and correlates the current literature to research findings with gay and lesbian couples to demonstrate the issues of marriage and family. Bibliography lists 14 sources. Gayfam.wps
Gay Marriages : A thorough 9 page discussion of the social, political, and economic implications of gay marriages in today's society. The writer concludes that NO viable argument exists to justify the denial of marriage rights to homosexuals. Bibliography lists 10+ sources. Garmarri.wps
Gay Marriages # 2 : The case for homosexual marriage is made in this four page argument. Positions on both sides of the controversy are explored. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Gaym.wps
Same-Sex Marriages : 15 pages in length. Morality is a grand issue on which lives are built and destroyed. Veering off course into immoral territory is just where marriages are headed when the wedded couple is of the same sex. Religion is opposed of such acceptance; the general public, for the most part, believes it to be a sinful lifestyle, yet there continues to be a crusade to incorporate the activities of gay and lesbian couples into mainstream society. The writer addresses various issues surrounding same-sex marriages, as well as takes the stand that they are not in the best interest of anyone involved in that reality. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Samesex.wps
Gays in the Military & Controversy : A 7 page analysis of the pros and cons associated with the controversy surrounding laws which attempt to ban homosexuals from entry in the U.S. armed forces. The writer feels that these laws are, for the most part, ridiculous as they put the real purpose of the military (to protect our country), second behind superficial social ones. While both sides of the issues are examined, the argument leans in favor of an open policy, particularly when considering the fact that we may some day need to return to a draft or compulsory enlistment. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Gaysmili.wps
Comments On "The Case for a Military Gay Ban" by David H. Hackworth :
A 6 page paper discussing the 1992 Washington Post article by David H. Hackworth on "The Case for a Military Gay Ban." Hackworth notes a variety of experience-based reasons for hhis opposition to gays in the military. Bibliography lists two sources. Gayshh.wps
Gay Adoption / A Controversial Issue : This 20 page research paper explores the social impact, legal issues, and controversies surrounding the issue of gays adopting children. Both conservatives and activists offer evidence to support their positions in terms of the effect gay parenting has on children. Legal issues are being fought in most states, a battle renewed as a result of a recent ruling by a judge in New Jersey. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Gayadopt.wps
Gay/Lesbian Parenting--- The Adoption Issue : A 6 page paper concerning the controversial issue of same sex couples and adoption. The issues discussed are the "morality" of being a gay parent, stands taken for and against the issue, etc-- the writer is in favor of adoption rights for gay couples. Counter-arguments are presented and then attacked--asserting that just because homosexuals are not biologically able to produce children does not been they should be barred from adopting them. After all, not every heterosexual couple produces their own children either. Moreover, gay parenting helps solve the single-parenting issue as well. Numerous other strong points concerning gay adoption are made. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Gaypar.wps
Should Gays Be Allowed To Adopt Children ? : A 10 page research paper exploring the question: should gays be allowed to adopt children? Both sides of the "gay adoption" controversy are presented with an analysis of the arguments offered. Finally, the writer takes and defends a position in favor of gay adpotion rights. Bibliography includes 11 references. Gadop.wps
‘New Republic’ Article Review / Rauch’s "For Better Or Worse" : A 5 page paper that provides an overview of premises in a New Republic article suggesting the Christian arguments against Rauch's perspective. Rauch essentially provides arguments in regards to marriage and the efficacy of both homosexual and heterosexual unions. Bibliography lists no additional sources. Better.wps
Gay Adoption / An Overview : An 8 page research paper in which the writer looks at both sides of the gay adoption controversy -- examining a number of relevant case examples, laws, and policies in different states & regions. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Adogay.wps
Is Homosexuality in the Genes ? : A 12 page paper in which the writer explores homosexuality from a biopyschosocial perspective. Explored are the definitive roots of homosexuality, changing psychiatric opinions over time, and most importantly,-- recent breakthroughs which suggest that people's sexuality may be the result of their genetic predisposition. Numerous examples and statistical data are provided. Bibliography lists 8+ sources. Homogene.wps
Homosexuality Is NOT Genetic / Argument : A 6 page argumentative paper supporting the theory that recent genetic findings cannot displace years of documented support for the behavioral determinants of sexual identification. The writer contends that the many discrepancies in the findings of Hamer and his colleagues leads scientists, sociologists and psychologists to continue to support the concept that homosexuality is determined through behavioral choices, not through genes. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Homosexu.wps
Lesbian Scientists In Modern Society : A 12 page paper that provides an overview of the issues related to being a lesbian scientist in the current day. This paper outlines the constructs that have determined the need for anti-discriminatory policies based on sexual orientation and also consider the role that science has played within the equity debate. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Lesbsci.wps
Treating Gay & Lesbian Patients In Therapy : A thorough discussion on therapy for the gay and lesbian patients is explored in this 12 page paper. The subject of choosing a homosexual vs. heterosexual therapist is addressed. Specific guidelines useful to therapists treating patients with sexual identity issues are provided. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Gaylest.wps
"The Birdcage" As A Study in Gender Issues : A 25 page research paper on the movie the Birdcage and its view of homosexual males and their gender roles in cinema and real life. The writer details the basic plot, each of the characters, and how they mesh with real life issues. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Birdcage.wps
Censorship Of Children's Literature / Banning Books Written By Homosexuals :
A 5 page research paper discussing the issue of censorship of children's and young adult's literature. Emphasis is on material written by and about gays and lesbians. Specific examples of books censored and banned are given as well as statements by some of the writers of booksfor young adults dealing with homosexuality. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Censchil.wps
Homosexuality, Theology, & The Church In The Twentieth Century : A 7 page paper on the issues surrounding the gay community’s search for an arena where it can express both its spirituality and its sexuality. The paper provides historical background on homophobia within the Judeo-Christian tradition and traces some of the developments and contributions of ‘gay theology today.’ Bibliography lists 7 sources. Gaytheo.wps
Social Anthropology : Observations of Homosexuals : A 3 page essay in which the writer reflects upon a one-time experiment-- purposefully observing the style, dress, mannerism, and subculture of homosexuals in New York City's Greenwich Village. Reported on is simply what was seen and observed.. The writer concludes that we cannot make assumptions about people based upon their sexuality and that homosexuals are "people before they are anything else." No Bibliography. Homoobs.wps
Book Review / Being "Homosexual" : This well-known Richard Isay book is reviewed and critiqued in a 4 page essay. Isay offers information based on his 20 years of work as a psychologist and covers topics important for the adolescent who believes he may be gay as well as the man living a homosexual life. This writer questions one of his basic tenets, but overall believes this is a worthwhile book. Beinggay.wps
Book Review / "New Joy Of Gay Sex" : A 4 page review and critique of The New Joy of Gay Sex including a discussion of topics covered and warnings given regarding AIDS. Touted as a guide for adolescents the reviewer questions the motives of the authors. Newjoy.wps
Sexual Orientation & Humanitarian Rights : A 12 page paper that considers a comparison between humanitarian and human rights regarding sexual orientation, and evaluates the application of the UN charter in this area of concern in different regions of the world. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Sexualor.wps
Bruce Bawer’s "A Place at the Table" : A 5 page paper discussing the book by Bruce Bawer of the same name. This book offers new insight into the "gay" man as Bawer is an incredibly "normal" man aside from his homosexual nature. His book requests, rather than pleads in regards to acceptance for homosexuals. Bawer is a conservative and a Christian as well and offers the reader tremendously insightful illustrations of the stigma and stereo-types that haunt the homosexuals of today. Bawer.wps
The Works of Adrienne Rich : An 8 page paper describing Rich's influence on contemporary culture and poetry. The writer details Rich's views on patriarchy and how it reflects upon her lesbianism. Bibliography cites 10 sources. Adrich.wps
Federico Garcia Lorca / His Poetry & Homosexual Themes : A 7 page paper discussing the works of this twentieth century Spanish poet. The writer gives a short description of his life, then discusses two of his poems in depth, showing how they expressed his homosexuality in new and startling ways. Poems are included at end of paper. Bibliography included. Lorca2.wps
ALL ABOUT H.I.V. / A.I.D.S.
AIDS : In 6 pages the author discusses the social impact, the medical impact, and the financial impact of AIDS. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Aidsimp.wps
Philadelphia -- The Movie : A 4 page reaction to the 1990's-era film "Philadelphia" starring Tom Hanks. The movie dealt with an AIDS-victim's socio-legal struggles in suing the law firm for which he worked under the assumption that they wrongly fired him just because of his fatal and socially-unaccepted disease. The writer reacts to the performance of various characters, examples of stereotyping, points being made, and the overall emotional effectiveness of the film. No Bibliography. Philmovi.wps
Society's Alienation of the AIDS Victim : A 10 page paper dealing with society's treatment of AIDS victims. Discusses the negativity surrounding this issue as well as positive programs such as summer camps for youths with HIV/AIDS. Other subtopics explored are the "handling" of children whose parents are dying from this dreaded disease. Aidssoci.wps
Treatment Of AIDS In American Society : This 7 page paper looks at the disease from a social perspective. The main focus is on exactly what the government and advocates are doing on behalf of AIDS and HIV infected victims. Subjects addressed are education, research, new drugs, treatment and funding. Statistics are included throughout. Bibliography included. Aidsinam.wps
AIDS and Suicide : A 12 page paper analyzing the social, cultural, and ethical issues relating to suicide among AIDS patients, as well as the populations at highest risk for developing the disease. It concludes that AIDS is now treatable, and an equal amount of attention in the form of counseling at both the high-risk and infected levels is the best solution to the depression engendered by the disease. Bibliography lists 5+ sources. Aidssui.wps
(The) Spread of A.I.D.S. in Society :5 analytical pages that present a comparative review of four articles that discuss groups (i.e. women, homosexuals etc;) associated with the spread of AIDS from a sociological perspective. Four articles are cited in bibliography. Aidsarti.wps
Mandatory Testing for HIV - AIDS / Unacceptable : A 6 page paper describing the consequences of such a proposal. Social, health, and government issues are described. Also, some attention is put on testing for newborn babies. The thesis is that mandatory testing would only bring more problems and not solve the ones already in existence. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Mandtest.wps
AIDS In The Workplace : A 10 page paper that explore the issues surrounding employe concerns (fears and misconceptions) and how this has made it incumbant upon employers to train employees in discrimination laws and AIDS awareness generally. The paper provides training examples and techniques, economic facts to employers, and other resources available to employers. Bibliography lists 9 sources. WorkAIDS.doc
AIDS Discrimination in the Workplace : A 9 page look at AIDS discrimination in the workplace and specific issues faced by administrators. It is argued that managers must make extremely difficult decisions as the law does not allow them to discriminate but their healthy employees and customers often want them to do so anyway. The ADA, ERISA Law, and other regulations & provisions are mentioned throughout the report as are psycho-social and empathetic considerations that the good manager must make. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Aidsdisc.wps
AIDS Policy and Health Care : A 7 page paper that provides an overview of the issues related to determining policies regarding HIV and AIDS status, and looks at the impacts on policies relating to attaining health care coverage. bibliography lists 6 sources. Aidspoli.wps
Socialized Medicine & AIDS : In this 5 page paper the author discusses whether the government and general public should be financially responsible for the health status of those with AIDS? That is the debate surrounding the concept of socialized medicine to help AIDS patients obtain the cost-prohibitive drugs they need to live. The writer looks at the debate from the conservative angle, arguing that people who make poor decisions that ultimately affect their health and welfare should be solely responsible for the consequences. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Aidsmed.wps
AIDS as an Epidemic :12 pages discussing AIDS evolutionary epidemiolgy; Report covers how the disease first appeared in Homosexual men living in San Francisco & New York, and has gradually spread into other populations. Report contains one chart and bibliography listing 12 sources. Aidsepid.wps
AIDS & Public Health : 6 pages in length. Despite studies that report AIDS-related deaths are on the decline, there has been -- and will continue to be -- a tremendous burden upon the general public with regard to general health issues and all associated with it. A disease so wicked that its consequences even affect those who are not afflicted with it, AIDS has placed a huge price tag on society that influences the health status and care of every single person, regardless of their age, gender or social status. The writer addresses the effects of AIDS on public health, as well as discusses how the gay population feels about mandatory testing. Bibliography lists 5 sources. AIDSpub.wps
AIDS & AIDS-Related Complexes / Implications for EMS: A 4 page paper that provides an overview of the risk of transmission, signs and symptoms, testing, ethical and moral issues surrounding AIDS and AIDS related complexes and considers their impact on emergency medicine. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Emsaids.wps
Boccaccio's Depiction of The Plague vs. Today's Treatment of AIDS Victims :
A 4 page comparison between the social problem described in the opening of Boccaccio's "Decameron" and the present-day AIDS dilemma. The writer describes how individuals affected with the Black Plague were treated very much like contemporary AIDS victims in terms of their alienation from society. AIDS is also regarded as being a somewhat different epidemic as it mostly affects only certain high-risk groups whereas the Plague could strike anyone, anywhere, at any time -- and no one knew why. No Bibliography. Plagauds.wps
AIDS and the Homosexual Population : A 6 page paper discussing the frequency of AIDS within a specific high-risk group : homosexual males. Paper contains statistics and one graph. Some of the paper's sections include : data analysis, conclusions, and recommendations. Bibliography contains five sources. Aidshom2.wps
AIDS and the Homosexual Population # 2 : Although its general subject is somewhat identical to 'aidshom2.wps,' this 8 page paper explores homosexuality itself and discusses why it is so difficult to teach behaviors that will prevent AIDS among this high-risk group. Paper makes clear the necessity for empathy regarding homosexuality and the AIDS "plague." Aidshomo.wps
AIDS & The Green Monkey : 6 pages in length. "A Presentation of Fact Demonstrating the Validity of the Theory that AIDS Originated from (Green) Monkeys." Discusses and agrees with pertinent theories---Very detailed. Bibliography lists 5+ sources. Greenmky.wps
Improvement in AIDS Research and Treatment : A 4 page research paper on new trends in treatment of AIDS. The writer details the scope of the death rate, the emotional effect, and new drug and genetic treatments. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Aidstrea.wps
HIV --Transmission, Prevention, Management, Ethics, & Attitudes : This 12 page paper reviews fundamental information about human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and education and treatment topics. Bibliography lists 14 sources. Hivhard.wps
H.I.V. Does Not Cause A.I.D.S. : A 23 page research project offering factual and statistical evidence that HIV does not necessarily cause AIDS as the media would like us to believe. Paper explores the evolution of AIDS research within the medial community and the need to use HIV as a pertinent scapegoat. In detail, the writer explains both HIV and AIDS and their disparities. Well-researched and highly-documented, the report's bibliography contains 20 relevant sources. Aidshiv.wps
AIDS / An Emergency Medical Perspective : A 6 page overview of AIDS, its causes and treatments. Emphasizes the risks to health care workers are minimal and that although emergency health care workers run a substantial risks of encountering patients with the disease, they have a legal, moral, and ethical responsibility to treat patients whether or not they may have a contagious disease. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Aidsems.wps
AIDS Facts / Possible & Probable Impact On EMTs : A 4 page paper describing AIDS, the symptoms associated with the disease, and how it can affect the emergency medical teams. Bibliography included. AIDS3.wps
Children With HIV/AIDS : An 8 page paper on Children with AIDS. The writer discusses the pscyho-social impact the disease has on them and offers suggestions for helping to cope. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Aidschil.wps
Should Kids With AIDS Be Allowed To Attend Public Schools? : 6 pages in length. In 1985, people in parts of the country were approaching hysteria at the thought of children with AIDS attending the same public schools with their own children. Today, we know better than to think that the disease can spread through casual contact. Many school systems have put into place AIDS awareness and prevention programs to which the AIDS-infected student can be a valuable asset, and the affected children themselves need the security and acceptance of routine and friendship. The paper concludes that kids with AIDS certainly should be allowed in the public schools, that their presence can benefit all. Bibliography lists 17 sources. AIDS-kid.RTF
Pediatric AIDS : A 17 page paper on the diagnosis, treatment and other factors surrounding pediatric AIDS. Bibliography lists 25 sources. Pedaids2.wps
HIV, Vitamin A & The Womb : 2 pages in length. Briefly explores the role of vitamin A deficiency in facilitating the spread of HIV from mothers to unborn babies. Bibliography lists three sources. Aidsbab2.wps
Infants and AIDS : A 2 page paper that briefly discuses the transmission of HIV/AIDS from mother's to the womb. Also mentions treatment possibilities. Bibliography lists three sources. Aidsbaby.wps
AIDS and Infants : A 5 page research paper which examines the problem of HIV infected infants. The writer discusses what is believed regarding transmission as well as the course the disease usually takes in infants and young children. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Aidsinf.wps
Argument - Mandatory HIV Testing for Pregnant Mothers: 7 pages in length. The author argues in support of mandatory HIV testing for pregnant mothers, not only for the woman's health, but also for the health of the child. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Mandhiv.wps
Promoting AIDS Awareness In Schools : A 10 page research paper discussing AIDS / HIV awareness education in public schools in America. Several programs are cited, including the American Red Cross program and a multi-media interactive program that is free to all. Bibliography includes 10 references. Aidsschl.wps
AIDS Education : 9 page presentation of an educational program designed by the writer to teach adolescents how to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS. Includes comprehensive test continuing multiple choice, true/false, matching and short-answer essays to test student's knowledge. Rationales are provided for each of the questions to explain how each of them tests to ensure that students have achieved one of five program goals by correctly answering them. Useful for those studying curriculum/instruction and classroom teaching. Bibliography contains 5 sources. Aidsedu.wps
Evaluation Of School-Based Intervention Programs / HIV - AIDS : A 6 page research paper on school-based intervention programs for teaching young people about the dangers of HIV/AIDS. The writer reviews different aspects of various programs (formal education, distribution of condoms, peer testimonials, etc;) and concludes that when properly-implemented, most approaches are quite effective at changing/preventing high-risk behavior. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Schoolcl.wps
Nursing & AIDS : 5 pages detailing issues concerning nursing and AIDS patients. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Aidsnurs.wps
AZT Vs. AIDS : An 5 page analysis of AZT's effectiveness in the fight against AIDS. Well-detailed and highlighted with statistics, and factual evidence. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Azt.wps
Saquinavir Mesylate : An 8 page discussion of protease inhibitors and their use in the fight against HIV infections. Emphasizes Saquinavir Mesylate, a drug released in 1995 by the Food and Drug Association. Bibliography lists eight sources. Saquin.wps
GHB (gamma hydroxy butyrate) / Beyond The Media Hype : A 5 page rebuttal to refute media and FDA claims that GHB is potentially dangerous. Bibliography lists four resources. Ghb.wps
Advanced Essays on Bioethics : 10 pages worth of complex essays in biology ethics such as one summarizing the biology of the HIV, and its manner of infection and production of disease. The writer describes the major ethical problems that face biologists and doctors regarding the manner in which they are dealing with the epidemic as well as their intelligent opinion about what is the most ethical and yet biologically effective way to deal with it and why. No Bibliography. Bioethic.wps
Issues Concerning Needle Exchange Programs : 4 pages in length. An argument in favor of needle exchange programs -- an inherently HIV- reducing idea that has proven itself to be effective in European countries and recently in the U.S. as well. The writer presents an overview of legal issues, public views, and concludes that the government should be more supportive of the idea-- but in the meantime, overpowering resistance would make most needle exchange programs fail miserably in the United States. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Needlexc.wps
International Pharmaceutical Business & AIDS Research : A 40 page research study that provides an overview of the current business operations in terms of international mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical industry and considers the imperative for continued international cooperation in research efforts. Bibliography lists 21 sources. Phdrug.wps
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TERM PAPERS & MORE EXAMPLE TERM PAPERS ON
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The History of Homosexuality : A 5 page paper that provides a very selective look at essays presented in Duberman's (et al, Eds.) work Hidden from History: Reclaiming the Gay and Lesbian Past. This work demonstrates issues in Ancient Greece, 17th century Japan, 18th century England and 20the century America. No additional sources cited. Gayhist.wps
Prejudice, Sexism & Homophobia : An 8 page paper that provides an overview of a number of articles on these three fundamentally connected issues, and then determines the impact of different perspectives on these issues. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Sexhom.wps
Homophobia in Society Analyzed : This 8 page research paper examines the continued (and socially-acceptable) practice of homophobia. Specifically considered are lack of homosexual tolerance exhibited by the religious community, in the military in the workplace, in the classroom, in the entertainment industry, and in professional sports, and attempts to draw conclusions why blatant homophobia continues to be accepted. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Homosoc.wps
Homosexuality, Theology, & The Church In The Twentieth Century : A 7 page paper on the issues surrounding the gay community’s search for an arena where it can express both its spirituality and its sexuality. The paper provides historical background on homophobia within the Judeo-Christian tradition and traces some of the developments and contributions of ‘gay theology today.’ Bibliography lists 7 sources. Gaytheo.wps
Adolescent Homosexuality : 5 page research paper on adolescent homosexuality. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Adolhomo.wps
Bisexuality / The Social and Psychological Aspects : A 9 page paper outlining bisexuality. Provides a definition of bisexuality and both a historical and contemporary overview of the phenomena. Discusses studies which point to homosexulity and bisexuality as being a normal and acceptable part of human behavior from a biological and historic standpoint. Bibliography lists seven sources. Bisex.wps
Transsexuality / Considerations In The Workplace : A 10 page overview of transsexuality and the issues which often arise in terms of societal perceptions. Includes an emphasis on the employer’s obligation to provide a safe, secure, and comfortable working environment for both the transsexual and the non-transsexual. Gives an overview of the legalities concerning the societal rights of transsexuals. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Transx.wps
Freud / Infantilism, Homosexuality, & Bisexuality : This 10 page essay discusses specific thoughts of Freud, such as how one comes to be stuck in an infantile mind set, and the essays/books in which they appeared. Two of the works mentioned are Civilization and its Discontents and Freud's account of Dora. The essay also mentions Freud's thoughts on happiness, homosexuality and bisexuality, on which he had lifelong strong convictions. Despite his detractors, Freud opened the world's eyes to aspects of human development theretofore unknown. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Infreud.wps
Gay & Lesbian Families : A 25 page research paper that considers the issues relative to gay and lesbian families and correlates the current literature to research findings with gay and lesbian couples to demonstrate the issues of marriage and family. Bibliography lists 14 sources. Gayfam.wps
Gay Marriages : A thorough 9 page discussion of the social, political, and economic implications of gay marriages in today's society. The writer concludes that NO viable argument exists to justify the denial of marriage rights to homosexuals. Bibliography lists 10+ sources. Garmarri.wps
Gay Marriages # 2 : The case for homosexual marriage is made in this four page argument. Positions on both sides of the controversy are explored. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Gaym.wps
Same-Sex Marriages : 15 pages in length. Morality is a grand issue on which lives are built and destroyed. Veering off course into immoral territory is just where marriages are headed when the wedded couple is of the same sex. Religion is opposed of such acceptance; the general public, for the most part, believes it to be a sinful lifestyle, yet there continues to be a crusade to incorporate the activities of gay and lesbian couples into mainstream society. The writer addresses various issues surrounding same-sex marriages, as well as takes the stand that they are not in the best interest of anyone involved in that reality. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Samesex.wps
Gays in the Military & Controversy : A 7 page analysis of the pros and cons associated with the controversy surrounding laws which attempt to ban homosexuals from entry in the U.S. armed forces. The writer feels that these laws are, for the most part, ridiculous as they put the real purpose of the military (to protect our country), second behind superficial social ones. While both sides of the issues are examined, the argument leans in favor of an open policy, particularly when considering the fact that we may some day need to return to a draft or compulsory enlistment. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Gaysmili.wps
Comments On "The Case for a Military Gay Ban" by David H. Hackworth :
A 6 page paper discussing the 1992 Washington Post article by David H. Hackworth on "The Case for a Military Gay Ban." Hackworth notes a variety of experience-based reasons for hhis opposition to gays in the military. Bibliography lists two sources. Gayshh.wps
Gay Adoption / A Controversial Issue : This 20 page research paper explores the social impact, legal issues, and controversies surrounding the issue of gays adopting children. Both conservatives and activists offer evidence to support their positions in terms of the effect gay parenting has on children. Legal issues are being fought in most states, a battle renewed as a result of a recent ruling by a judge in New Jersey. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Gayadopt.wps
Gay/Lesbian Parenting--- The Adoption Issue : A 6 page paper concerning the controversial issue of same sex couples and adoption. The issues discussed are the "morality" of being a gay parent, stands taken for and against the issue, etc-- the writer is in favor of adoption rights for gay couples. Counter-arguments are presented and then attacked--asserting that just because homosexuals are not biologically able to produce children does not been they should be barred from adopting them. After all, not every heterosexual couple produces their own children either. Moreover, gay parenting helps solve the single-parenting issue as well. Numerous other strong points concerning gay adoption are made. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Gaypar.wps
Should Gays Be Allowed To Adopt Children ? : A 10 page research paper exploring the question: should gays be allowed to adopt children? Both sides of the "gay adoption" controversy are presented with an analysis of the arguments offered. Finally, the writer takes and defends a position in favor of gay adpotion rights. Bibliography includes 11 references. Gadop.wps
‘New Republic’ Article Review / Rauch’s "For Better Or Worse" : A 5 page paper that provides an overview of premises in a New Republic article suggesting the Christian arguments against Rauch's perspective. Rauch essentially provides arguments in regards to marriage and the efficacy of both homosexual and heterosexual unions. Bibliography lists no additional sources. Better.wps
Gay Adoption / An Overview : An 8 page research paper in which the writer looks at both sides of the gay adoption controversy -- examining a number of relevant case examples, laws, and policies in different states & regions. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Adogay.wps
Is Homosexuality in the Genes ? : A 12 page paper in which the writer explores homosexuality from a biopyschosocial perspective. Explored are the definitive roots of homosexuality, changing psychiatric opinions over time, and most importantly,-- recent breakthroughs which suggest that people's sexuality may be the result of their genetic predisposition. Numerous examples and statistical data are provided. Bibliography lists 8+ sources. Homogene.wps
Homosexuality Is NOT Genetic / Argument : A 6 page argumentative paper supporting the theory that recent genetic findings cannot displace years of documented support for the behavioral determinants of sexual identification. The writer contends that the many discrepancies in the findings of Hamer and his colleagues leads scientists, sociologists and psychologists to continue to support the concept that homosexuality is determined through behavioral choices, not through genes. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Homosexu.wps
Lesbian Scientists In Modern Society : A 12 page paper that provides an overview of the issues related to being a lesbian scientist in the current day. This paper outlines the constructs that have determined the need for anti-discriminatory policies based on sexual orientation and also consider the role that science has played within the equity debate. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Lesbsci.wps
Treating Gay & Lesbian Patients In Therapy : A thorough discussion on therapy for the gay and lesbian patients is explored in this 12 page paper. The subject of choosing a homosexual vs. heterosexual therapist is addressed. Specific guidelines useful to therapists treating patients with sexual identity issues are provided. Bibliography lists 10 sources. Gaylest.wps
"The Birdcage" As A Study in Gender Issues : A 25 page research paper on the movie the Birdcage and its view of homosexual males and their gender roles in cinema and real life. The writer details the basic plot, each of the characters, and how they mesh with real life issues. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Birdcage.wps
Censorship Of Children's Literature / Banning Books Written By Homosexuals :
A 5 page research paper discussing the issue of censorship of children's and young adult's literature. Emphasis is on material written by and about gays and lesbians. Specific examples of books censored and banned are given as well as statements by some of the writers of booksfor young adults dealing with homosexuality. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Censchil.wps
Homosexuality, Theology, & The Church In The Twentieth Century : A 7 page paper on the issues surrounding the gay community’s search for an arena where it can express both its spirituality and its sexuality. The paper provides historical background on homophobia within the Judeo-Christian tradition and traces some of the developments and contributions of ‘gay theology today.’ Bibliography lists 7 sources. Gaytheo.wps
Social Anthropology : Observations of Homosexuals : A 3 page essay in which the writer reflects upon a one-time experiment-- purposefully observing the style, dress, mannerism, and subculture of homosexuals in New York City's Greenwich Village. Reported on is simply what was seen and observed.. The writer concludes that we cannot make assumptions about people based upon their sexuality and that homosexuals are "people before they are anything else." No Bibliography. Homoobs.wps
Book Review / Being "Homosexual" : This well-known Richard Isay book is reviewed and critiqued in a 4 page essay. Isay offers information based on his 20 years of work as a psychologist and covers topics important for the adolescent who believes he may be gay as well as the man living a homosexual life. This writer questions one of his basic tenets, but overall believes this is a worthwhile book. Beinggay.wps
Book Review / "New Joy Of Gay Sex" : A 4 page review and critique of The New Joy of Gay Sex including a discussion of topics covered and warnings given regarding AIDS. Touted as a guide for adolescents the reviewer questions the motives of the authors. Newjoy.wps
Sexual Orientation & Humanitarian Rights : A 12 page paper that considers a comparison between humanitarian and human rights regarding sexual orientation, and evaluates the application of the UN charter in this area of concern in different regions of the world. Bibliography lists 15 sources. Sexualor.wps
Bruce Bawer’s "A Place at the Table" : A 5 page paper discussing the book by Bruce Bawer of the same name. This book offers new insight into the "gay" man as Bawer is an incredibly "normal" man aside from his homosexual nature. His book requests, rather than pleads in regards to acceptance for homosexuals. Bawer is a conservative and a Christian as well and offers the reader tremendously insightful illustrations of the stigma and stereo-types that haunt the homosexuals of today. Bawer.wps
The Works of Adrienne Rich : An 8 page paper describing Rich's influence on contemporary culture and poetry. The writer details Rich's views on patriarchy and how it reflects upon her lesbianism. Bibliography cites 10 sources. Adrich.wps
Federico Garcia Lorca / His Poetry & Homosexual Themes : A 7 page paper discussing the works of this twentieth century Spanish poet. The writer gives a short description of his life, then discusses two of his poems in depth, showing how they expressed his homosexuality in new and startling ways. Poems are included at end of paper. Bibliography included. Lorca2.wps
ALL ABOUT H.I.V. / A.I.D.S.
AIDS : In 6 pages the author discusses the social impact, the medical impact, and the financial impact of AIDS. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Aidsimp.wps
Philadelphia -- The Movie : A 4 page reaction to the 1990's-era film "Philadelphia" starring Tom Hanks. The movie dealt with an AIDS-victim's socio-legal struggles in suing the law firm for which he worked under the assumption that they wrongly fired him just because of his fatal and socially-unaccepted disease. The writer reacts to the performance of various characters, examples of stereotyping, points being made, and the overall emotional effectiveness of the film. No Bibliography. Philmovi.wps
Society's Alienation of the AIDS Victim : A 10 page paper dealing with society's treatment of AIDS victims. Discusses the negativity surrounding this issue as well as positive programs such as summer camps for youths with HIV/AIDS. Other subtopics explored are the "handling" of children whose parents are dying from this dreaded disease. Aidssoci.wps
Treatment Of AIDS In American Society : This 7 page paper looks at the disease from a social perspective. The main focus is on exactly what the government and advocates are doing on behalf of AIDS and HIV infected victims. Subjects addressed are education, research, new drugs, treatment and funding. Statistics are included throughout. Bibliography included. Aidsinam.wps
AIDS and Suicide : A 12 page paper analyzing the social, cultural, and ethical issues relating to suicide among AIDS patients, as well as the populations at highest risk for developing the disease. It concludes that AIDS is now treatable, and an equal amount of attention in the form of counseling at both the high-risk and infected levels is the best solution to the depression engendered by the disease. Bibliography lists 5+ sources. Aidssui.wps
(The) Spread of A.I.D.S. in Society :5 analytical pages that present a comparative review of four articles that discuss groups (i.e. women, homosexuals etc;) associated with the spread of AIDS from a sociological perspective. Four articles are cited in bibliography. Aidsarti.wps
Mandatory Testing for HIV - AIDS / Unacceptable : A 6 page paper describing the consequences of such a proposal. Social, health, and government issues are described. Also, some attention is put on testing for newborn babies. The thesis is that mandatory testing would only bring more problems and not solve the ones already in existence. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Mandtest.wps
AIDS In The Workplace : A 10 page paper that explore the issues surrounding employe concerns (fears and misconceptions) and how this has made it incumbant upon employers to train employees in discrimination laws and AIDS awareness generally. The paper provides training examples and techniques, economic facts to employers, and other resources available to employers. Bibliography lists 9 sources. WorkAIDS.doc
AIDS Discrimination in the Workplace : A 9 page look at AIDS discrimination in the workplace and specific issues faced by administrators. It is argued that managers must make extremely difficult decisions as the law does not allow them to discriminate but their healthy employees and customers often want them to do so anyway. The ADA, ERISA Law, and other regulations & provisions are mentioned throughout the report as are psycho-social and empathetic considerations that the good manager must make. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Aidsdisc.wps
AIDS Policy and Health Care : A 7 page paper that provides an overview of the issues related to determining policies regarding HIV and AIDS status, and looks at the impacts on policies relating to attaining health care coverage. bibliography lists 6 sources. Aidspoli.wps
Socialized Medicine & AIDS : In this 5 page paper the author discusses whether the government and general public should be financially responsible for the health status of those with AIDS? That is the debate surrounding the concept of socialized medicine to help AIDS patients obtain the cost-prohibitive drugs they need to live. The writer looks at the debate from the conservative angle, arguing that people who make poor decisions that ultimately affect their health and welfare should be solely responsible for the consequences. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Aidsmed.wps
AIDS as an Epidemic :12 pages discussing AIDS evolutionary epidemiolgy; Report covers how the disease first appeared in Homosexual men living in San Francisco & New York, and has gradually spread into other populations. Report contains one chart and bibliography listing 12 sources. Aidsepid.wps
AIDS & Public Health : 6 pages in length. Despite studies that report AIDS-related deaths are on the decline, there has been -- and will continue to be -- a tremendous burden upon the general public with regard to general health issues and all associated with it. A disease so wicked that its consequences even affect those who are not afflicted with it, AIDS has placed a huge price tag on society that influences the health status and care of every single person, regardless of their age, gender or social status. The writer addresses the effects of AIDS on public health, as well as discusses how the gay population feels about mandatory testing. Bibliography lists 5 sources. AIDSpub.wps
AIDS & AIDS-Related Complexes / Implications for EMS: A 4 page paper that provides an overview of the risk of transmission, signs and symptoms, testing, ethical and moral issues surrounding AIDS and AIDS related complexes and considers their impact on emergency medicine. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Emsaids.wps
Boccaccio's Depiction of The Plague vs. Today's Treatment of AIDS Victims :
A 4 page comparison between the social problem described in the opening of Boccaccio's "Decameron" and the present-day AIDS dilemma. The writer describes how individuals affected with the Black Plague were treated very much like contemporary AIDS victims in terms of their alienation from society. AIDS is also regarded as being a somewhat different epidemic as it mostly affects only certain high-risk groups whereas the Plague could strike anyone, anywhere, at any time -- and no one knew why. No Bibliography. Plagauds.wps
AIDS and the Homosexual Population : A 6 page paper discussing the frequency of AIDS within a specific high-risk group : homosexual males. Paper contains statistics and one graph. Some of the paper's sections include : data analysis, conclusions, and recommendations. Bibliography contains five sources. Aidshom2.wps
AIDS and the Homosexual Population # 2 : Although its general subject is somewhat identical to 'aidshom2.wps,' this 8 page paper explores homosexuality itself and discusses why it is so difficult to teach behaviors that will prevent AIDS among this high-risk group. Paper makes clear the necessity for empathy regarding homosexuality and the AIDS "plague." Aidshomo.wps
AIDS & The Green Monkey : 6 pages in length. "A Presentation of Fact Demonstrating the Validity of the Theory that AIDS Originated from (Green) Monkeys." Discusses and agrees with pertinent theories---Very detailed. Bibliography lists 5+ sources. Greenmky.wps
Improvement in AIDS Research and Treatment : A 4 page research paper on new trends in treatment of AIDS. The writer details the scope of the death rate, the emotional effect, and new drug and genetic treatments. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Aidstrea.wps
HIV --Transmission, Prevention, Management, Ethics, & Attitudes : This 12 page paper reviews fundamental information about human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) and education and treatment topics. Bibliography lists 14 sources. Hivhard.wps
H.I.V. Does Not Cause A.I.D.S. : A 23 page research project offering factual and statistical evidence that HIV does not necessarily cause AIDS as the media would like us to believe. Paper explores the evolution of AIDS research within the medial community and the need to use HIV as a pertinent scapegoat. In detail, the writer explains both HIV and AIDS and their disparities. Well-researched and highly-documented, the report's bibliography contains 20 relevant sources. Aidshiv.wps
AIDS / An Emergency Medical Perspective : A 6 page overview of AIDS, its causes and treatments. Emphasizes the risks to health care workers are minimal and that although emergency health care workers run a substantial risks of encountering patients with the disease, they have a legal, moral, and ethical responsibility to treat patients whether or not they may have a contagious disease. Bibliography lists 6 sources. Aidsems.wps
AIDS Facts / Possible & Probable Impact On EMTs : A 4 page paper describing AIDS, the symptoms associated with the disease, and how it can affect the emergency medical teams. Bibliography included. AIDS3.wps
Children With HIV/AIDS : An 8 page paper on Children with AIDS. The writer discusses the pscyho-social impact the disease has on them and offers suggestions for helping to cope. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Aidschil.wps
Should Kids With AIDS Be Allowed To Attend Public Schools? : 6 pages in length. In 1985, people in parts of the country were approaching hysteria at the thought of children with AIDS attending the same public schools with their own children. Today, we know better than to think that the disease can spread through casual contact. Many school systems have put into place AIDS awareness and prevention programs to which the AIDS-infected student can be a valuable asset, and the affected children themselves need the security and acceptance of routine and friendship. The paper concludes that kids with AIDS certainly should be allowed in the public schools, that their presence can benefit all. Bibliography lists 17 sources. AIDS-kid.RTF
Pediatric AIDS : A 17 page paper on the diagnosis, treatment and other factors surrounding pediatric AIDS. Bibliography lists 25 sources. Pedaids2.wps
HIV, Vitamin A & The Womb : 2 pages in length. Briefly explores the role of vitamin A deficiency in facilitating the spread of HIV from mothers to unborn babies. Bibliography lists three sources. Aidsbab2.wps
Infants and AIDS : A 2 page paper that briefly discuses the transmission of HIV/AIDS from mother's to the womb. Also mentions treatment possibilities. Bibliography lists three sources. Aidsbaby.wps
AIDS and Infants : A 5 page research paper which examines the problem of HIV infected infants. The writer discusses what is believed regarding transmission as well as the course the disease usually takes in infants and young children. Bibliography lists 5 sources. Aidsinf.wps
Argument - Mandatory HIV Testing for Pregnant Mothers: 7 pages in length. The author argues in support of mandatory HIV testing for pregnant mothers, not only for the woman's health, but also for the health of the child. Bibliography lists 8 sources. Mandhiv.wps
Promoting AIDS Awareness In Schools : A 10 page research paper discussing AIDS / HIV awareness education in public schools in America. Several programs are cited, including the American Red Cross program and a multi-media interactive program that is free to all. Bibliography includes 10 references. Aidsschl.wps
AIDS Education : 9 page presentation of an educational program designed by the writer to teach adolescents how to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS. Includes comprehensive test continuing multiple choice, true/false, matching and short-answer essays to test student's knowledge. Rationales are provided for each of the questions to explain how each of them tests to ensure that students have achieved one of five program goals by correctly answering them. Useful for those studying curriculum/instruction and classroom teaching. Bibliography contains 5 sources. Aidsedu.wps
Evaluation Of School-Based Intervention Programs / HIV - AIDS : A 6 page research paper on school-based intervention programs for teaching young people about the dangers of HIV/AIDS. The writer reviews different aspects of various programs (formal education, distribution of condoms, peer testimonials, etc;) and concludes that when properly-implemented, most approaches are quite effective at changing/preventing high-risk behavior. Bibliography lists 7 sources. Schoolcl.wps
Nursing & AIDS : 5 pages detailing issues concerning nursing and AIDS patients. Bibliography lists 12 sources. Aidsnurs.wps
AZT Vs. AIDS : An 5 page analysis of AZT's effectiveness in the fight against AIDS. Well-detailed and highlighted with statistics, and factual evidence. Bibliography lists 9 sources. Azt.wps
Saquinavir Mesylate : An 8 page discussion of protease inhibitors and their use in the fight against HIV infections. Emphasizes Saquinavir Mesylate, a drug released in 1995 by the Food and Drug Association. Bibliography lists eight sources. Saquin.wps
GHB (gamma hydroxy butyrate) / Beyond The Media Hype : A 5 page rebuttal to refute media and FDA claims that GHB is potentially dangerous. Bibliography lists four resources. Ghb.wps
Advanced Essays on Bioethics : 10 pages worth of complex essays in biology ethics such as one summarizing the biology of the HIV, and its manner of infection and production of disease. The writer describes the major ethical problems that face biologists and doctors regarding the manner in which they are dealing with the epidemic as well as their intelligent opinion about what is the most ethical and yet biologically effective way to deal with it and why. No Bibliography. Bioethic.wps
Issues Concerning Needle Exchange Programs : 4 pages in length. An argument in favor of needle exchange programs -- an inherently HIV- reducing idea that has proven itself to be effective in European countries and recently in the U.S. as well. The writer presents an overview of legal issues, public views, and concludes that the government should be more supportive of the idea-- but in the meantime, overpowering resistance would make most needle exchange programs fail miserably in the United States. Bibliography lists 4 sources. Needlexc.wps
International Pharmaceutical Business & AIDS Research : A 40 page research study that provides an overview of the current business operations in terms of international mergers and acquisitions in the pharmaceutical industry and considers the imperative for continued international cooperation in research efforts. Bibliography lists 21 sources. Phdrug.wps
Saturday, March 28, 2009
Late Antique and Byzantine Studies
Dissertations in North AmericaThis listing of dissertations in progress or recently completed resumes a survey published between 1982 and 1986 in Byzantine Studies/Études Byzantines, which lapsed when the journal ceased publication. The present listing of dissertations in Byzantine subjects undertaken at North American universities is based on information supplied to Dumbarton Oaks and makes no claims to comprehensiveness. Please send additions and notification of completed dissertations to the director of Byzantine Studies at Dumbarton Oaks, so that the listing can be updated periodically.
Completed Dissertations
Dissertations in Progress
Art, Archaeology, and History
Amelia Brown (Amelia[at]cape.com), Cities of Sinners, Cities of Saints: Corinth, Thessaloniki and Urbanism in Late Roman Greece, University of California, Berkeley (Susanna Elm), Exams December 2005.
Elisabeth O'Connell (elisabet[at]socrates.berkeley.edu), Tombs for the Living: Monastic Reuse of Monumental Funerary Architecture in Late Antique Egypt, University of California, Berkeley (Susanna Elm), Exams May 2003.
Art, Architecture, and Archaeology
Vessela Anguelova (vna100[at]psu.edu), Place as Spiritual Experience in Middle and Late Byzantine Art, Ninth to the Eighteenth Centuries, Pennsylvania State University (Anthony Cutler), Exams December 2002.
Bojana Bjelicic-Miletkov (bbjelic[at]uga.edu), Monuments of Art Commemorating the Council of Ferrara-Florence, 1438–39: The Italian and the Byzantine Responses, University of Georgia, Athens (Asen Kirin), Spring 2009.
Travis Lee Clark (tlclark[at]temple.edu), Imaging the Cosmos: The Christian Topography of Kosmas Indikopleustes, Temple University (Elizabeth Bolman), Exams April 2003.
Robert J. W. Crow (robcro[at]princeton.edu), The Forum Romanum in Late Antiquity: A.D. 330–638, Princeton University (Hugo Meyer), Exams October 1994.
John Michael Frey (yanni[at]berkeley.edu), Speaking through Spolia: The Language of Architecture Reuse in late Roman Greece, University of California, Berkeley, Exams Fall 2006.
Mary Margaret (Molly) Fulghum, The Transitive Form: the Place of Textiles in Byzantium, Harvard University (Ioli Kalavrezou).
Sofia Georgiadou (sgeorgi2[at]uiuc.edu), Architecture and Statehood in Late Byzantium, 1204–1460: A Comparative Study of the Courts of Nicaea, Trebizond and Epirus, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Robert Ousterhout).
Elizabeth Gittings, Architecture Representations in the Mosaics of the Church of Hagios Georgios, Harvard University (Ioli Kalavrezou), Exams February 1997.
Ayse Henry (ayseblgn[at]gmail.com), The Pilgrimage Center of St. Symeon the Younger: Designed by angels, supervised by a saint,constructed by pilgrims, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Robert Ousterhout).
Ashley Jones (ashley.jones[at]yale.edu), Lord Protect the Wearer',: Late Antique Numismatic Jewelry and the Image of the Emperor as Talismanic Device, Yale University (Diana Kleiner).
James Magruder (james.magruder[at]jhu.edu), Byzantine stone icons in Greece and Asia Minor, 9th–14th centuries, Johns Hopkins University (Henry Maguire).
Abigail G. McLaughlin, Patterns of Culture: The Origin and Development of Christian Decorative Systems in Catacombs of the Third and Fourth Centurie, Rutgers University (Archer St. Clair), Exams May 1995.
Barbara McNulty, Cypriot Donor Portraiture: Constructing the Ideal Family, Temple University (Elizabeth Bolman).
Marina Mihaljevic (marmi[at]princeton.edu), Constantinopolitan Architecture of the Komnenian Era (1080–1180) and Its Impact in the Balkans, Princeton University (Slobodan Ćurčić), Exams 2002.
Elizabeth Moss (betsy.moss[at]utoronto.ca), Framing the Holy: Revetments and Frames on Byzantine Icons, University of Toronto (Linda Safran).
Maureen O'Brien (mobrien[at]loyola.edu), Art and Text in the Vienna Genesis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Dorothy Verkerk), Exams April 2004.
Andrea Olsen (andreaolsen[at]yahoo.com ), The Birth and Rebirth of the Visitation in Byzantine Art, Johns Hopkins University (Henry Maguire).
Areti Papanastasiou (pap9[at]midway.uchicago.edu), Gendered Stories and Middle Byzantine Art, University of Chicago (Robert S. Nelson), Exams June 1993.
Stephanie Payne (spayne[at]mail.utexas.edu), Forming Friendship and Fraternity in Byzantine Monasticism: Illustrating the Romance of Barlaam and Joasaph from the Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries, University of Texas at Austin (Glenn Peers), Exams October 2006.
Brandie Ratliff (br135[at]columbia.edu), Image and Relic at Byzantine Pilgrimage Sites, Columbia University (Holger Klein), Exams March 2001.
Brooke Shilling (Brooke.Shilling[at]jhu.edu), Three Apse Mosaics of the Virgin in Early Byzantine Cyprus, Johns Hopkins University (Henry Maguire).
Galina Tirnanic (gtirnani[at]midway.uchicago.edu), The Art of Punishment: The Spectacle of the Body on the Streets of Constantinople, University of Chicago (Robert Nelson), Exams September 2001.
Cristina Toma (cris_st04[at]yahoo.com), Everyday Life and Cultural Exchange: The Evidence of Material Culture from Rhodes, Cyprus and Crete from the Thirteenth through the Sixteenth Century, University of California, Los Angeles (Sharon Gerstel).
Fusun Tulek (Fusuntulek[at]kocaeli.edu.tr ), Late Roman/ Early Byzantine Floor Mosaics of Cilicia, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Henry Maguire), Exams December 2001.
Christine Zitrides, Carthage in Transition, Late and Post-Roman Habitation AD 400–800, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
History
Aslihan Akisik (aslihan_1071[at]yahoo.com), Self and Other in the Fifteenth Century: Laonikos Chalkokondyles and Late Byzantine Intellectuals, Harvard University (Angeliki Laiou and Cemal Kefadar).
Silviu Anghel (sa588[at]columbia.edu), Burying the Gods: Protecting statues from Christians in late antiquity, Columbia University.
Michael Bjornlie (bjornlie[at]princeton.edu), The Variae of Cassiodorus Senator: Circumstances of Political Survival, ca. 540–545, Princeton University (Peter Brown and Robert Kaster).
Catherine Burris (cburris[at]email.unc.edu), Solomon the King: Reception and Transmission on Extracanonical Traditions in the Christian East, University of Missouri, Exams May 1999.
Craig Caldwell (ccaldwell[at]princeton.edu), Society in a War Zone: Civil Wars and Their Effects upon the Provinces of Southeastern Europe in the Fourth Century A.D., Princeton University (Peter Brown).
Rangar Cline (rhc115[at]psu.edu), Negotiating Heaven and Earth: Angel Veneration in Late Antiquity, Pennsylvania State University (Dr. Paul B. Harvey Jr.), Exams Spring 2002.
Aurélie Goudal, Cases of possession and exorcism in primitive Byzantine hagiography (IV–VII century), University of Montréal (Pierre Boglioni).
Kevin Kalish (kkalish[at]princeton.edu), Learning to Write Poems in Late Antiquity: the Codex of Visions from the Bodmer Papyri and the Emergence of a Christian-Byzantine Poetics, Princeton University (Peter Brown and Daniel Heller-Roazen).
Young Richard Kim, The Imagined Worlds of Epiphanius of Cyprus, University of Michigan (Raymond Van Dam).
Dusan Korac (dkorac[at]wam.umd.edu), The Political Ideology of Serbian Emperors: A Survey of Serbian Imperial Charters, University of Maryland (George Majeska), February 1996.
Ian Mladjov (imladjov[at]umich.edu), Basileia Refracted: Adaptation of Byzantine imperial ideology beyond Byzantium by the Empire's Northern Neighbors in Medieval Bulgaria, University of Michigan (John V.A. Fine).
Richard Payne (rpayne[at]princeton.edu), Creating Christian Aristocracies in Sasanian and Early Islamic Iraq, Princeton University (Peter Brown, John Haldon), Exams May 2006.
Srdjan Rajkovic†, Byzantium and the Fall of Constantinople under the Ottomans in 1453, University of California, Los Angeles (Claudia Rapp).
Daniel Sarefield (sarefield.2[at]osu.edu), Burning Knowledge: Studies in Religious Violence and Book burning in the Late Roman World, Ohio State University (Timothy Gregory).
Pamela Gail-Berjouhie Sayre (psayre[at]hfcc.net), Lombards and Byzantines: From Pannonian Allies to Italian Enemies, University of Michigan (John V. A. Fine).
Edward Schoolman (emschool[at]ucla.edu), Civic Transformations between Antiquity and the Middle Ages: Ravenna and Antioch 300–800 AD, University of California, Los Angeles (Claudia Rapp), Advanced 2008.
Philip Venticinque (pfventic[at]uchicago.edu), Common Causes: the Social World of Guilds and Associations in Roman and Late Antique Egypt, University of Chicago (David Martinez).
Tim Watson (twwatson[at]uci.edu), The Rhetoric of Corruption in Late Antiquity, University of California, Irvine (Michele Salzman).
History of Science
Craig Martin (cmartin[at]fas.harvard.edu), Theory and Practice in Aristotelian Natural Philosophy: A Study of the Tradition of Meteorologica IV, Harvard University (John E. Murdoch).
Language and Literature
Adam Goldwyn (AGoldwyn[at]gc.cuny.edu), A Literary History of the Trojan War from Antiquity to the Middle Ages, CUNY Graduate Center (Paul Oppenheimer).
Mark Moussa (markmoussa[at]msn.com), The Treatise 'I Have Been Reading the Holy Gospels' (Discourses 8, Work 1) by Shenoute of Atripe: Edition, Translation and Commentary, Catholic University of America (David W. Johnson, S.J.), Exams October 1998.
Religion, Theology, and Liturgy
Gail Armstrong (Gail_Armstrong[at]brown.edu), Narrative Identity and Narrative Landscape: The Ancient and the Modern Acts of Mariamne and Philip, Brown University (Ross Kraemer).
Antonia Atanassova (antonia.atanassova.1[at]bc.edu), Container of the Uncontainable God: the Theotokos in the Writings of Cyril of Alexandria and the Nestorian Controversy, Boston College (Khaled Anatolios).
Benjamin Delee (bendelee[at]ucla.edu), Niketas Byzantios and the Problem of Islam, University of California, Los Angeles (Claudia Rapp), advanced 2008.
Nicholas Denysenko (81denysenko[at]cua.edu), The Blessing of the Waters on the Feast of the Theophany in the Byzantine Liturgy: Historical Formation and Theological Implications, Catholic University of America (Dominic Serra).
Linda Honey, Thekla: Text and Temenos, University of Calgary.
Oleh Kindiy (okindiy[at]hotmail.com), Christos Didascalos: The Christology of Clement of Alexandria, Catholic University of America (Robin Darling Young).
Hisa Kusabu (kusabu[at]uchicago.edu), Comnenian Orthodoxy and Byzantine Heresiology in the Twelfth Century: The Study of the Panoplia Dogmatica of Euthymios Zigabenos, University of Chicago (Walter Kaegi), Anticipated completion in 2008-2009.
Steven J. Larson (steven_larson[at]brown.edu), Displacing the Gods: The Christian Response to Temples, Brown University (Susan Ashbrook Harvey).
Jonathan Latham (jal10[at]umail.ucsb.edu), Making Rome Christian: Ritual Processions from Roma Aeterna to Roma Christiana, University of California, Santa Barbara (Christine Thomas).
David Michelson (dmichels[at]Princeton.edu), Philoxenos of Mabbug & the Intersection of Christian Doctrine and Praxis in Late Antique Culture, Princeton University (Peter Brown).
Leonidas Pittos, Sacredly Narrating, Sacredly Praising: Theology, Encomium, Tradition, and Intellectual history in Late Byzantium [on Gregory Palamas], University of Chicago (Walter Kaegi), Anticipated completion in summer 2008.
Kathleen Quinn (quinnka[at]nku.edu), Panhellenic Sanctuaries in Greece during Late Antiquity: The Impact of Imperial Edicts Against Paganism, University of Cincinnati (C. Brian Rose), Exams May 1999.
Jeanne-Nicole Saint-Laurent (Jeanne-Nicole_Saint-Laurent[at]brown.edu), Apostolic Memories: Differentiation and the Construction of Orthodoxy in Syriac Missionary Literature, Brown University (Susan A. Harvey).
Daniel Schwartz (dlschwar[at]princeton.edu), Christian Education and Worship in the Making of the Late-Antique Church: Paideia and Cult in the Catechetical Orations of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Princeton University (Peter Brown).
Jack Tannous (jack.tannous[at]gmail.com), On the trail of la Syrie trilingue: Jacob of Edessa and his Circle, Princeton University (Peter Brown), Exams May 2006
Completed Dissertations
Dissertations in Progress
Art, Archaeology, and History
Amelia Brown (Amelia[at]cape.com), Cities of Sinners, Cities of Saints: Corinth, Thessaloniki and Urbanism in Late Roman Greece, University of California, Berkeley (Susanna Elm), Exams December 2005.
Elisabeth O'Connell (elisabet[at]socrates.berkeley.edu), Tombs for the Living: Monastic Reuse of Monumental Funerary Architecture in Late Antique Egypt, University of California, Berkeley (Susanna Elm), Exams May 2003.
Art, Architecture, and Archaeology
Vessela Anguelova (vna100[at]psu.edu), Place as Spiritual Experience in Middle and Late Byzantine Art, Ninth to the Eighteenth Centuries, Pennsylvania State University (Anthony Cutler), Exams December 2002.
Bojana Bjelicic-Miletkov (bbjelic[at]uga.edu), Monuments of Art Commemorating the Council of Ferrara-Florence, 1438–39: The Italian and the Byzantine Responses, University of Georgia, Athens (Asen Kirin), Spring 2009.
Travis Lee Clark (tlclark[at]temple.edu), Imaging the Cosmos: The Christian Topography of Kosmas Indikopleustes, Temple University (Elizabeth Bolman), Exams April 2003.
Robert J. W. Crow (robcro[at]princeton.edu), The Forum Romanum in Late Antiquity: A.D. 330–638, Princeton University (Hugo Meyer), Exams October 1994.
John Michael Frey (yanni[at]berkeley.edu), Speaking through Spolia: The Language of Architecture Reuse in late Roman Greece, University of California, Berkeley, Exams Fall 2006.
Mary Margaret (Molly) Fulghum, The Transitive Form: the Place of Textiles in Byzantium, Harvard University (Ioli Kalavrezou).
Sofia Georgiadou (sgeorgi2[at]uiuc.edu), Architecture and Statehood in Late Byzantium, 1204–1460: A Comparative Study of the Courts of Nicaea, Trebizond and Epirus, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Robert Ousterhout).
Elizabeth Gittings, Architecture Representations in the Mosaics of the Church of Hagios Georgios, Harvard University (Ioli Kalavrezou), Exams February 1997.
Ayse Henry (ayseblgn[at]gmail.com), The Pilgrimage Center of St. Symeon the Younger: Designed by angels, supervised by a saint,constructed by pilgrims, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Robert Ousterhout).
Ashley Jones (ashley.jones[at]yale.edu), Lord Protect the Wearer',: Late Antique Numismatic Jewelry and the Image of the Emperor as Talismanic Device, Yale University (Diana Kleiner).
James Magruder (james.magruder[at]jhu.edu), Byzantine stone icons in Greece and Asia Minor, 9th–14th centuries, Johns Hopkins University (Henry Maguire).
Abigail G. McLaughlin, Patterns of Culture: The Origin and Development of Christian Decorative Systems in Catacombs of the Third and Fourth Centurie, Rutgers University (Archer St. Clair), Exams May 1995.
Barbara McNulty, Cypriot Donor Portraiture: Constructing the Ideal Family, Temple University (Elizabeth Bolman).
Marina Mihaljevic (marmi[at]princeton.edu), Constantinopolitan Architecture of the Komnenian Era (1080–1180) and Its Impact in the Balkans, Princeton University (Slobodan Ćurčić), Exams 2002.
Elizabeth Moss (betsy.moss[at]utoronto.ca), Framing the Holy: Revetments and Frames on Byzantine Icons, University of Toronto (Linda Safran).
Maureen O'Brien (mobrien[at]loyola.edu), Art and Text in the Vienna Genesis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Dorothy Verkerk), Exams April 2004.
Andrea Olsen (andreaolsen[at]yahoo.com ), The Birth and Rebirth of the Visitation in Byzantine Art, Johns Hopkins University (Henry Maguire).
Areti Papanastasiou (pap9[at]midway.uchicago.edu), Gendered Stories and Middle Byzantine Art, University of Chicago (Robert S. Nelson), Exams June 1993.
Stephanie Payne (spayne[at]mail.utexas.edu), Forming Friendship and Fraternity in Byzantine Monasticism: Illustrating the Romance of Barlaam and Joasaph from the Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries, University of Texas at Austin (Glenn Peers), Exams October 2006.
Brandie Ratliff (br135[at]columbia.edu), Image and Relic at Byzantine Pilgrimage Sites, Columbia University (Holger Klein), Exams March 2001.
Brooke Shilling (Brooke.Shilling[at]jhu.edu), Three Apse Mosaics of the Virgin in Early Byzantine Cyprus, Johns Hopkins University (Henry Maguire).
Galina Tirnanic (gtirnani[at]midway.uchicago.edu), The Art of Punishment: The Spectacle of the Body on the Streets of Constantinople, University of Chicago (Robert Nelson), Exams September 2001.
Cristina Toma (cris_st04[at]yahoo.com), Everyday Life and Cultural Exchange: The Evidence of Material Culture from Rhodes, Cyprus and Crete from the Thirteenth through the Sixteenth Century, University of California, Los Angeles (Sharon Gerstel).
Fusun Tulek (Fusuntulek[at]kocaeli.edu.tr ), Late Roman/ Early Byzantine Floor Mosaics of Cilicia, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Henry Maguire), Exams December 2001.
Christine Zitrides, Carthage in Transition, Late and Post-Roman Habitation AD 400–800, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
History
Aslihan Akisik (aslihan_1071[at]yahoo.com), Self and Other in the Fifteenth Century: Laonikos Chalkokondyles and Late Byzantine Intellectuals, Harvard University (Angeliki Laiou and Cemal Kefadar).
Silviu Anghel (sa588[at]columbia.edu), Burying the Gods: Protecting statues from Christians in late antiquity, Columbia University.
Michael Bjornlie (bjornlie[at]princeton.edu), The Variae of Cassiodorus Senator: Circumstances of Political Survival, ca. 540–545, Princeton University (Peter Brown and Robert Kaster).
Catherine Burris (cburris[at]email.unc.edu), Solomon the King: Reception and Transmission on Extracanonical Traditions in the Christian East, University of Missouri, Exams May 1999.
Craig Caldwell (ccaldwell[at]princeton.edu), Society in a War Zone: Civil Wars and Their Effects upon the Provinces of Southeastern Europe in the Fourth Century A.D., Princeton University (Peter Brown).
Rangar Cline (rhc115[at]psu.edu), Negotiating Heaven and Earth: Angel Veneration in Late Antiquity, Pennsylvania State University (Dr. Paul B. Harvey Jr.), Exams Spring 2002.
Aurélie Goudal, Cases of possession and exorcism in primitive Byzantine hagiography (IV–VII century), University of Montréal (Pierre Boglioni).
Kevin Kalish (kkalish[at]princeton.edu), Learning to Write Poems in Late Antiquity: the Codex of Visions from the Bodmer Papyri and the Emergence of a Christian-Byzantine Poetics, Princeton University (Peter Brown and Daniel Heller-Roazen).
Young Richard Kim, The Imagined Worlds of Epiphanius of Cyprus, University of Michigan (Raymond Van Dam).
Dusan Korac (dkorac[at]wam.umd.edu), The Political Ideology of Serbian Emperors: A Survey of Serbian Imperial Charters, University of Maryland (George Majeska), February 1996.
Ian Mladjov (imladjov[at]umich.edu), Basileia Refracted: Adaptation of Byzantine imperial ideology beyond Byzantium by the Empire's Northern Neighbors in Medieval Bulgaria, University of Michigan (John V.A. Fine).
Richard Payne (rpayne[at]princeton.edu), Creating Christian Aristocracies in Sasanian and Early Islamic Iraq, Princeton University (Peter Brown, John Haldon), Exams May 2006.
Srdjan Rajkovic†, Byzantium and the Fall of Constantinople under the Ottomans in 1453, University of California, Los Angeles (Claudia Rapp).
Daniel Sarefield (sarefield.2[at]osu.edu), Burning Knowledge: Studies in Religious Violence and Book burning in the Late Roman World, Ohio State University (Timothy Gregory).
Pamela Gail-Berjouhie Sayre (psayre[at]hfcc.net), Lombards and Byzantines: From Pannonian Allies to Italian Enemies, University of Michigan (John V. A. Fine).
Edward Schoolman (emschool[at]ucla.edu), Civic Transformations between Antiquity and the Middle Ages: Ravenna and Antioch 300–800 AD, University of California, Los Angeles (Claudia Rapp), Advanced 2008.
Philip Venticinque (pfventic[at]uchicago.edu), Common Causes: the Social World of Guilds and Associations in Roman and Late Antique Egypt, University of Chicago (David Martinez).
Tim Watson (twwatson[at]uci.edu), The Rhetoric of Corruption in Late Antiquity, University of California, Irvine (Michele Salzman).
History of Science
Craig Martin (cmartin[at]fas.harvard.edu), Theory and Practice in Aristotelian Natural Philosophy: A Study of the Tradition of Meteorologica IV, Harvard University (John E. Murdoch).
Language and Literature
Adam Goldwyn (AGoldwyn[at]gc.cuny.edu), A Literary History of the Trojan War from Antiquity to the Middle Ages, CUNY Graduate Center (Paul Oppenheimer).
Mark Moussa (markmoussa[at]msn.com), The Treatise 'I Have Been Reading the Holy Gospels' (Discourses 8, Work 1) by Shenoute of Atripe: Edition, Translation and Commentary, Catholic University of America (David W. Johnson, S.J.), Exams October 1998.
Religion, Theology, and Liturgy
Gail Armstrong (Gail_Armstrong[at]brown.edu), Narrative Identity and Narrative Landscape: The Ancient and the Modern Acts of Mariamne and Philip, Brown University (Ross Kraemer).
Antonia Atanassova (antonia.atanassova.1[at]bc.edu), Container of the Uncontainable God: the Theotokos in the Writings of Cyril of Alexandria and the Nestorian Controversy, Boston College (Khaled Anatolios).
Benjamin Delee (bendelee[at]ucla.edu), Niketas Byzantios and the Problem of Islam, University of California, Los Angeles (Claudia Rapp), advanced 2008.
Nicholas Denysenko (81denysenko[at]cua.edu), The Blessing of the Waters on the Feast of the Theophany in the Byzantine Liturgy: Historical Formation and Theological Implications, Catholic University of America (Dominic Serra).
Linda Honey, Thekla: Text and Temenos, University of Calgary.
Oleh Kindiy (okindiy[at]hotmail.com), Christos Didascalos: The Christology of Clement of Alexandria, Catholic University of America (Robin Darling Young).
Hisa Kusabu (kusabu[at]uchicago.edu), Comnenian Orthodoxy and Byzantine Heresiology in the Twelfth Century: The Study of the Panoplia Dogmatica of Euthymios Zigabenos, University of Chicago (Walter Kaegi), Anticipated completion in 2008-2009.
Steven J. Larson (steven_larson[at]brown.edu), Displacing the Gods: The Christian Response to Temples, Brown University (Susan Ashbrook Harvey).
Jonathan Latham (jal10[at]umail.ucsb.edu), Making Rome Christian: Ritual Processions from Roma Aeterna to Roma Christiana, University of California, Santa Barbara (Christine Thomas).
David Michelson (dmichels[at]Princeton.edu), Philoxenos of Mabbug & the Intersection of Christian Doctrine and Praxis in Late Antique Culture, Princeton University (Peter Brown).
Leonidas Pittos, Sacredly Narrating, Sacredly Praising: Theology, Encomium, Tradition, and Intellectual history in Late Byzantium [on Gregory Palamas], University of Chicago (Walter Kaegi), Anticipated completion in summer 2008.
Kathleen Quinn (quinnka[at]nku.edu), Panhellenic Sanctuaries in Greece during Late Antiquity: The Impact of Imperial Edicts Against Paganism, University of Cincinnati (C. Brian Rose), Exams May 1999.
Jeanne-Nicole Saint-Laurent (Jeanne-Nicole_Saint-Laurent[at]brown.edu), Apostolic Memories: Differentiation and the Construction of Orthodoxy in Syriac Missionary Literature, Brown University (Susan A. Harvey).
Daniel Schwartz (dlschwar[at]princeton.edu), Christian Education and Worship in the Making of the Late-Antique Church: Paideia and Cult in the Catechetical Orations of Theodore of Mopsuestia, Princeton University (Peter Brown).
Jack Tannous (jack.tannous[at]gmail.com), On the trail of la Syrie trilingue: Jacob of Edessa and his Circle, Princeton University (Peter Brown), Exams May 2006
Jewish Studies
Holocaust" and "Shoah" redirect here. For other uses, see Holocaust (disambiguation) and Shoah (disambiguation).
"Selection" on the Judenrampe, Auschwitz, May/June 1944. To be sent to the right meant slave labor; to the left, the gas chambers. This image shows the arrival of Hungarian Jews from Carpatho-Ruthenia, many of them from the Berehov ghetto. It was taken by Ernst Hofmann or Bernhard Walter of the SS. Courtesy of Yad Vashem.[1]
The Holocaust (from the Greek ὁλόκαυστον (holókauston): holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt"), also known as haShoah (Hebrew: השואה), Churben (Yiddish: חורבן) is the term generally used to describe the genocide of approximately six million European Jews during World War II, as part of a program of deliberate extermination planned and executed by Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler.[2]
Other groups were also persecuted and killed, including ethnic Poles, the Romani, Soviet civilians, Soviet prisoners of war, the disabled, homosexual men and political and religious opponents.[3] Most scholars, however, define the Holocaust as a genocide of European Jewry alone,[4] or what the Nazis called the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question." The total number of victims of Nazi genocidal policies, including Poles, Romani, Soviet POW, and the handicapped is generally agreed to be between 9 and 11 million.[5]
The persecution and genocide were accomplished in stages. Legislation to remove the Jews from civil society was enacted years before the outbreak of World War II. Concentration camps were established in which inmates were used as slave labour until they died of exhaustion or disease. Where the Third Reich conquered new territory in eastern Europe, specialized units called Einsatzgruppen murdered Jews and political opponents in mass shootings. Jews and Romani were crammed into ghettos before being transported hundreds of miles by freight train to extermination camps where, if they survived the journey, the majority of them were killed in gas chambers. Every arm of Nazi Germany's bureaucracy was involved in the logistics of the mass murder, turning the country into what one Holocaust scholar has called "a genocidal state".[6]
Etymology and use of the term
Main article: Names of the Holocaust
The term holocaust originally derived from the Greek word holókauston, meaning a "completely (holos) burnt (kaustos)" sacrificial offering to a god. Its Latin form (holocaustum) was first used with specific reference to a massacre of Jews by the chroniclers Roger of Howden[7] and Richard of Devizes in the 1190s. For hundreds of years, the word holocaust was used in English to denote massive sacrifices and great slaughters or massacres. During World War II, the word was used to describe Nazi atrocities regardless of whether the victims were Jews or non-Jews. It was only in the 1960s that the term was appropriated by scholars and popular writers to refer exclusively to the genocide of Jews. [2]
The biblical word Shoah (שואה) (also spelled Sho'ah and Shoa), meaning "calamity," became the standard Hebrew term for the Holocaust as early as the 1940s.[8] Shoah is preferred by many Jews for a number of reasons, including the theologically offensive nature of the word holocaust, as a Greek pagan custom.[9]
Definition
The word holocaust has been used since the 18th century to refer to the violent deaths of a large number of people.[10] For example, Winston Churchill and other contemporaneous writers used it before World War II to describe the Armenian Genocide of World War I.[11] Since the 1950s its use has increasingly been restricted, with its usage now mainly used as a proper noun to describe the Holocaust perpetrated by the Nazi party.[citation needed]
Holocaust was adopted as a translation of Shoah—a Hebrew word connoting catastrophe, calamity, disaster, and destruction[12]—which was used in 1940 in Jerusalem in a booklet called Sho'at Yehudei Polin, and translated as The Holocaust of the Jews of Poland. Shoah had earlier been used in the context of the Nazis as a translation of catastrophe; for example, in 1934, Chaim Weizmann told the Zionist Action Committee that Hitler's rise to power was an "unvorhergesehene Katastrophe, etwa ein neuer Weltkrieg" ("an unforeseen catastrophe, perhaps even a new world war"); the Hebrew press translated Katastrophe as Shoah.[13] In the spring of 1942, the Jerusalem historian BenZion Dinur (Dinaburg) used Shoah in a book published by the United Aid Committee for the Jews in Poland to describe the extermination of Europe's Jews, calling it a "catastrophe" that symbolized the unique situation of the Jewish people.[12][14] The word Shoah was chosen in Israel to describe the Holocaust, the term institutionalized by the Knesset on April 12, 1951, when it established Yom Ha-Shoah Ve Mered Ha-Getaot, the national day of remembrance. In the 1950s, Yad Vashem was routinely translating this into English as "the Disaster"; at that time, holocaust was often used to mean the conflagration of much of humanity in a nuclear war.[15] Since then, Yad Vashem has changed its practice; the word Holocaust, usually now capitalized, has come to refer principally to the genocide of the European Jews.[8][13]
The usual German term for the extermination of the Jews during the Nazi period was the euphemistic phrase Endlösung der Judenfrage (the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question"). In both English and German, "Final Solution" is widely used as an alternative to "Holocaust".[16] For a time after World War II, German historians also used the term Völkermord ("genocide"), or in full, der Völkermord an den Juden ("the genocide of the Jewish people"), while the prevalent term in Germany today is either Holocaust or increasingly Shoah. An attempt by the German TV documentarian Guido Knopp in 2000 to "Germanize" the term by spelling it Holokaust has not yet been successful.[17]
The word holocaust is also used in a wider sense to describe other actions of the Nazi regime. These include the killing of around half a million migrant Romani peoples, the Roma and Sinti, the deaths of several million Soviet prisoners of war, along with slave laborers, gay men, Jehovah's Witnesses, the disabled, and a vast assortment of perceived potential troublemakers and political opponents. The use of the word in this wider sense is objected to by many Jewish organizations, particularly those established to commemorate the Jewish Holocaust. Jewish organizations say that the word in its current sense was originally coined to describe the extermination of the Jews, and that the Jewish Holocaust was a crime on such a scale, and of such totality and specificity, as the culmination of the long history of European antisemitism, that it should not be subsumed into a general category with the other crimes of the Nazis.[18]
Even more hotly disputed is the extension of the word to describe events that have no connection with World War II. The terms Rwandan Holocaust and Cambodian Holocaust are used to refer to the Rwanda genocide of 1994 and the mass killings by the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia respectively, and African Holocaust is used to describe the slave trade and the colonization of Africa, also known as the Maafa.
Distinctive features
Compliance of Germany's institutions
Ghettos were established in Europe in which Jews were confined before being shipped to extermination camps.Michael Berenbaum writes that Germany became a "genocidal state."[6] Every arm of the country's sophisticated bureaucracy was involved in the killing process. Parish churches and the Interior Ministry supplied birth records showing who was Jewish; the Post Office delivered the deportation and denaturalization orders; the Finance Ministry confiscated Jewish property; German firms fired Jewish workers and disenfranchised Jewish stockholders; the universities refused to admit Jews, denied degrees to those already studying, and fired Jewish academics; government transport offices arranged the trains for deportation to the camps; German pharmaceutical companies tested drugs on camp prisoners; companies bid for the contracts to build the crematoria; detailed lists of victims were drawn up using the Dehomag company's punch card machines, producing meticulous records of the killings. As prisoners entered the death camps, they were made to surrender all personal property, which was carefully catalogued and tagged before being sent to Germany to be reused or recycled. Berenbaum writes that the Final Solution of the Jewish question was "in the eyes of the perpetrators … Germany's greatest achievement."[19]
Saul Friedländer writes that: "Not one social group, not one religious community, not one scholarly institution or professional association in Germany and throughout Europe declared its solidarity with the Jews."[20] He writes that some Christian churches declared that converted Jews should be regarded as part of the flock, but even then only up to a point.
Friedländer argues that this makes the Holocaust distinctive because antisemitic policies were able to unfold without the interference of countervailing forces of the kind normally found in advanced societies, such as industry, small businesses, churches, and other vested interests and lobby groups.[20]
"Selection" on the Judenrampe, Auschwitz, May/June 1944. To be sent to the right meant slave labor; to the left, the gas chambers. This image shows the arrival of Hungarian Jews from Carpatho-Ruthenia, many of them from the Berehov ghetto. It was taken by Ernst Hofmann or Bernhard Walter of the SS. Courtesy of Yad Vashem.[1]
The Holocaust (from the Greek ὁλόκαυστον (holókauston): holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt"), also known as haShoah (Hebrew: השואה), Churben (Yiddish: חורבן) is the term generally used to describe the genocide of approximately six million European Jews during World War II, as part of a program of deliberate extermination planned and executed by Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler.[2]
Other groups were also persecuted and killed, including ethnic Poles, the Romani, Soviet civilians, Soviet prisoners of war, the disabled, homosexual men and political and religious opponents.[3] Most scholars, however, define the Holocaust as a genocide of European Jewry alone,[4] or what the Nazis called the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question." The total number of victims of Nazi genocidal policies, including Poles, Romani, Soviet POW, and the handicapped is generally agreed to be between 9 and 11 million.[5]
The persecution and genocide were accomplished in stages. Legislation to remove the Jews from civil society was enacted years before the outbreak of World War II. Concentration camps were established in which inmates were used as slave labour until they died of exhaustion or disease. Where the Third Reich conquered new territory in eastern Europe, specialized units called Einsatzgruppen murdered Jews and political opponents in mass shootings. Jews and Romani were crammed into ghettos before being transported hundreds of miles by freight train to extermination camps where, if they survived the journey, the majority of them were killed in gas chambers. Every arm of Nazi Germany's bureaucracy was involved in the logistics of the mass murder, turning the country into what one Holocaust scholar has called "a genocidal state".[6]
Etymology and use of the term
Main article: Names of the Holocaust
The term holocaust originally derived from the Greek word holókauston, meaning a "completely (holos) burnt (kaustos)" sacrificial offering to a god. Its Latin form (holocaustum) was first used with specific reference to a massacre of Jews by the chroniclers Roger of Howden[7] and Richard of Devizes in the 1190s. For hundreds of years, the word holocaust was used in English to denote massive sacrifices and great slaughters or massacres. During World War II, the word was used to describe Nazi atrocities regardless of whether the victims were Jews or non-Jews. It was only in the 1960s that the term was appropriated by scholars and popular writers to refer exclusively to the genocide of Jews. [2]
The biblical word Shoah (שואה) (also spelled Sho'ah and Shoa), meaning "calamity," became the standard Hebrew term for the Holocaust as early as the 1940s.[8] Shoah is preferred by many Jews for a number of reasons, including the theologically offensive nature of the word holocaust, as a Greek pagan custom.[9]
Definition
The word holocaust has been used since the 18th century to refer to the violent deaths of a large number of people.[10] For example, Winston Churchill and other contemporaneous writers used it before World War II to describe the Armenian Genocide of World War I.[11] Since the 1950s its use has increasingly been restricted, with its usage now mainly used as a proper noun to describe the Holocaust perpetrated by the Nazi party.[citation needed]
Holocaust was adopted as a translation of Shoah—a Hebrew word connoting catastrophe, calamity, disaster, and destruction[12]—which was used in 1940 in Jerusalem in a booklet called Sho'at Yehudei Polin, and translated as The Holocaust of the Jews of Poland. Shoah had earlier been used in the context of the Nazis as a translation of catastrophe; for example, in 1934, Chaim Weizmann told the Zionist Action Committee that Hitler's rise to power was an "unvorhergesehene Katastrophe, etwa ein neuer Weltkrieg" ("an unforeseen catastrophe, perhaps even a new world war"); the Hebrew press translated Katastrophe as Shoah.[13] In the spring of 1942, the Jerusalem historian BenZion Dinur (Dinaburg) used Shoah in a book published by the United Aid Committee for the Jews in Poland to describe the extermination of Europe's Jews, calling it a "catastrophe" that symbolized the unique situation of the Jewish people.[12][14] The word Shoah was chosen in Israel to describe the Holocaust, the term institutionalized by the Knesset on April 12, 1951, when it established Yom Ha-Shoah Ve Mered Ha-Getaot, the national day of remembrance. In the 1950s, Yad Vashem was routinely translating this into English as "the Disaster"; at that time, holocaust was often used to mean the conflagration of much of humanity in a nuclear war.[15] Since then, Yad Vashem has changed its practice; the word Holocaust, usually now capitalized, has come to refer principally to the genocide of the European Jews.[8][13]
The usual German term for the extermination of the Jews during the Nazi period was the euphemistic phrase Endlösung der Judenfrage (the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question"). In both English and German, "Final Solution" is widely used as an alternative to "Holocaust".[16] For a time after World War II, German historians also used the term Völkermord ("genocide"), or in full, der Völkermord an den Juden ("the genocide of the Jewish people"), while the prevalent term in Germany today is either Holocaust or increasingly Shoah. An attempt by the German TV documentarian Guido Knopp in 2000 to "Germanize" the term by spelling it Holokaust has not yet been successful.[17]
The word holocaust is also used in a wider sense to describe other actions of the Nazi regime. These include the killing of around half a million migrant Romani peoples, the Roma and Sinti, the deaths of several million Soviet prisoners of war, along with slave laborers, gay men, Jehovah's Witnesses, the disabled, and a vast assortment of perceived potential troublemakers and political opponents. The use of the word in this wider sense is objected to by many Jewish organizations, particularly those established to commemorate the Jewish Holocaust. Jewish organizations say that the word in its current sense was originally coined to describe the extermination of the Jews, and that the Jewish Holocaust was a crime on such a scale, and of such totality and specificity, as the culmination of the long history of European antisemitism, that it should not be subsumed into a general category with the other crimes of the Nazis.[18]
Even more hotly disputed is the extension of the word to describe events that have no connection with World War II. The terms Rwandan Holocaust and Cambodian Holocaust are used to refer to the Rwanda genocide of 1994 and the mass killings by the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia respectively, and African Holocaust is used to describe the slave trade and the colonization of Africa, also known as the Maafa.
Distinctive features
Compliance of Germany's institutions
Ghettos were established in Europe in which Jews were confined before being shipped to extermination camps.Michael Berenbaum writes that Germany became a "genocidal state."[6] Every arm of the country's sophisticated bureaucracy was involved in the killing process. Parish churches and the Interior Ministry supplied birth records showing who was Jewish; the Post Office delivered the deportation and denaturalization orders; the Finance Ministry confiscated Jewish property; German firms fired Jewish workers and disenfranchised Jewish stockholders; the universities refused to admit Jews, denied degrees to those already studying, and fired Jewish academics; government transport offices arranged the trains for deportation to the camps; German pharmaceutical companies tested drugs on camp prisoners; companies bid for the contracts to build the crematoria; detailed lists of victims were drawn up using the Dehomag company's punch card machines, producing meticulous records of the killings. As prisoners entered the death camps, they were made to surrender all personal property, which was carefully catalogued and tagged before being sent to Germany to be reused or recycled. Berenbaum writes that the Final Solution of the Jewish question was "in the eyes of the perpetrators … Germany's greatest achievement."[19]
Saul Friedländer writes that: "Not one social group, not one religious community, not one scholarly institution or professional association in Germany and throughout Europe declared its solidarity with the Jews."[20] He writes that some Christian churches declared that converted Jews should be regarded as part of the flock, but even then only up to a point.
Friedländer argues that this makes the Holocaust distinctive because antisemitic policies were able to unfold without the interference of countervailing forces of the kind normally found in advanced societies, such as industry, small businesses, churches, and other vested interests and lobby groups.[20]
Human Rights
Human rights in Haiti
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
According to its constitution and written laws, Haiti meets most international human rights standards. In practice, however, many provisions are not respected. The government’s human rights record is poor. Political killings, kidnapping, torture, and unlawful incarceration are common unofficial practices, especially during periods of coups or attempted coups. Although the constitution mandates an independent judiciary and the right to a fair trial, prolonged pretrial detention remains a serious problem. Because the court system and its records are poorly organized, it is impossible to determine the percentage of prisoners being held without trial.
Freedom of expression
The constitution guarantees freedom of speech and the press, and the government generally has respected these rights. Many journalists, however, practice a measure of self-censorship in order to protect themselves from retribution. During the second Aristide administration (2000−4), some reports contend that members of the press were killed for supporting opposition movements.[citation needed]
The government does not censor radio, television, or the Internet. Because demonstrations often turn violent, security forces frequently have ignored the constitutionally mandated right to assembly and organization. The Haitian government generally has respected religious freedom in the country.
[edit] Gender, disability, race and language
Haiti’s constitution does not contain specific language prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, sex, language, age, or disability. Although some working standards exist to protect women, few resources exist to ensure enforcement. Abuses against women and children are common. Rape, although illegal, rarely results in prosecution of the perpetrator. Haitian law excuses a husband for murdering his wife if the wife is found in an adulterous affair. Wives do not enjoy the same right.[citation needed]
The Haitian government contains a Ministry of Women’s Affairs, but it also lacks the resources to address issues such as violence against women and harassment in the workplace.
[edit] Children
In addition to suffering from chronic malnourishment and a lack of educational opportunity, many Haitian children also suffer physical abuse. In 2004 the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs reported that its hotline received more than 700 calls from children reporting abuse.[citation needed] Few statistics regarding the wider problem of child abuse have been collected. Trafficking of children also is a significant problem.[citation needed] UNICEF estimates that 2,000 to 3,000 Haitian children per year are trafficked to the Dominican Republic.[
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
According to its constitution and written laws, Haiti meets most international human rights standards. In practice, however, many provisions are not respected. The government’s human rights record is poor. Political killings, kidnapping, torture, and unlawful incarceration are common unofficial practices, especially during periods of coups or attempted coups. Although the constitution mandates an independent judiciary and the right to a fair trial, prolonged pretrial detention remains a serious problem. Because the court system and its records are poorly organized, it is impossible to determine the percentage of prisoners being held without trial.
Freedom of expression
The constitution guarantees freedom of speech and the press, and the government generally has respected these rights. Many journalists, however, practice a measure of self-censorship in order to protect themselves from retribution. During the second Aristide administration (2000−4), some reports contend that members of the press were killed for supporting opposition movements.[citation needed]
The government does not censor radio, television, or the Internet. Because demonstrations often turn violent, security forces frequently have ignored the constitutionally mandated right to assembly and organization. The Haitian government generally has respected religious freedom in the country.
[edit] Gender, disability, race and language
Haiti’s constitution does not contain specific language prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, sex, language, age, or disability. Although some working standards exist to protect women, few resources exist to ensure enforcement. Abuses against women and children are common. Rape, although illegal, rarely results in prosecution of the perpetrator. Haitian law excuses a husband for murdering his wife if the wife is found in an adulterous affair. Wives do not enjoy the same right.[citation needed]
The Haitian government contains a Ministry of Women’s Affairs, but it also lacks the resources to address issues such as violence against women and harassment in the workplace.
[edit] Children
In addition to suffering from chronic malnourishment and a lack of educational opportunity, many Haitian children also suffer physical abuse. In 2004 the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs reported that its hotline received more than 700 calls from children reporting abuse.[citation needed] Few statistics regarding the wider problem of child abuse have been collected. Trafficking of children also is a significant problem.[citation needed] UNICEF estimates that 2,000 to 3,000 Haitian children per year are trafficked to the Dominican Republic.[
History and Philosophy of Science
1
History and Philosophy of Science
General
• Submitting deans:
- prof.dr. Wiljan van den Akker (Humanities)
- prof.dr. Albert Cornelissen (Veterinary Medicine)
- prof.mr. Adriaan Dorresteijn (Law, Economics & Governance)
- prof.dr. Willem Koops (Social and Behavioural Sciences)
- prof.dr. Gerard van Koten (Science)
- prof.dr. Hans Stoof (University Medial Centre)
- prof.dr. Bert van der Zwaan (Geosciences)
• Participating research foci:
- all chairs in the field of history and philosophy of science. Furthermore:
- History of Reception and Edition of Texts (Humanities)
- History and Foundations of Science (Science)
- Cultural Infrastructure and Intellectual Culture in the Modern Age (Humanities)
- Logic, Meaning and Cognition (Humanities)
Scientific core of the focus area
History and Philosophy of Science aims at bringing together: 1) the study of foundational and
methodological problems in the exact sciences, social sciences and humanities, and their
conceptual evolution, 2) the comparative analysis of the historical evolution of scholarly and
scientific cultures. These goals are brought together in order to promote the integration of the
historical, philosophical and sociological approaches in the history and philosophy of science and
thereby the comparative study of these various branches of learning.
In recent years the history of the sciences and the humanities has developed from a history of men
and their ideas into a history of the evolution of scholarly and scientific cultures. This approach is
based on the conviction that scientific growth cannot be understood without a thorough knowledge
of the social and cultural context science and scholarship originate in, and that the analysis of the
production of scientific and scholarly ideas is incomplete without the study of their dissemination
and reception. A history of the evolution of scientific cultures studies scientific development, not as
the natural product of the universality of science and scholarship, but as the result of the
continuous battle between rivalling claims, between actors and institutions and their capacities and
resources in ever expanding networks, the outcome of which varies according to time and place.
This novel approach requires a comparative and interdisciplinary perspective.
At the same time, it remains true that science cannot be understood without a detailed study of its
content, methodology and concepts. Developments within science continuously give rise to new
conceptual problems and foundational questions, whose study in turn influences scientific
development. Such methodological and conceptual investigations, emanating from a scrutiny of
science itself, are obviously important for the philosophy of science. In general, the philosophy of
science has recently seen a change from very general, often normative, meta-considerations to an
approach on particular case studies. This provides a natural link to the just-mentioned historical
approach, because specific scientific theories are situated in their philosophical, ideological and
social contexts. By this approach it can be brought to light, e.g., what is presupposed in a
particular theory without any assumption that all scientific disciplines fall under one methodological
or conceptual scheme.
Positioning
This focus can build on an excellent tradition of scholarship. Utrecht University is the only Dutch
university which can boast the unique constellation of an Institute for the History and Foundations
of Science (with two chairs, one in Philosophy and Foundations of Science and the other in History
of Science), two chairs in History of Philosophy, a chair in Logic and Philosophy of Mathematics,
chairs in History of Mathematics, History of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University History,
History of Psychiatry, History and Philosophy of Law, History and Philosophy of Theology and
History of Pharmaceutics (while chairs in History of the Humanities, the History of the Social
Sciences and the History of the Geo-Sciences are in the making). Moreover, Utrecht has a long
tradition in studying philosophy of science, not as a general and normative discipline, but as
foundational research conducted in close connection with particular disciplines (foundations of
physics, philosophy of mathematics, artificial intelligence, linguistics, etc). Historical studies in
Utrecht distinguish themselves by their comparative perspective and their interdisciplinary
approach based on the conviction that the complex historical interaction between scholarly and
social and cultural issues, it is necessary to reintegrate the body of knowledge and methods of the
various disciplines in the history of the sciences and the humanities. Finally, the research programs
that form the basis of this focus are linked with research master programs in philosophy, history
and philosophy of science, and comparative studies in the history of science and the humanities
(History and Philosophy of Science as well as in Historical and Comparative Studies of the Sciences
2
and Humanities).
It is against this background that the University has launched an interdisciplinary institute,
baptized the Descartes Centre, for the history and philosophy of sciences. This Descartes Centre
will constitute the natural platform for the focus group History and Philosophy of Science and its
activities. It will facilitate organizational matters and secure a fruitful link between research and
teaching at both undergraduate and graduate levels. It is also within the general context of this
new Descartes Centre that the two master programs History and Philosophy of Science and
Historical and Comparative Studies of the Sciences and Humanities will be integrated and,
eventually, merged. Conversely, the focus group may be regarded as the ‘backbone’ of the
Descartes Centre as a whole.
As far as the philosophy and foundations of science are concerned, few institutions can compete
Utrecht University. Paris (CREA and IHPST taken together) is more or less comparable to Utrecht,
other European institutes (e.g., Brussels, Louvain-la-Neuve, Budapest, Bonn, Florence, Rome,
Barcelona, Madrid, Bristol, Leeds, London) are definitely smaller. In the history of mathematics
mention should be made of the unique cooperation between this focus and various institutions in
the Islamic world, especially in Iran and Saudi Arabia.
Valorisation
Philosophy and foundations of science are not only essential in deepening and broadening scientific
reflection, but also have wider social relevance to what is called ‘knowledge-economy’. Moreover,
the ongoing debate on the impact of science and ‘enlightenment’ call for an informed contribution.
Finally, there is a feedback to science itself: e.g., several recent advances in physics originate in
foundational considerations.
In contemporary society science and scholarship or representations of it very much determine the
way politicians, citizens and administrators conceptualize their worlds. As a result, reflection on
issues such as the methods and foundations of science, the role of its cultural and political context,
the structures of its dissemination and the function of its rhetoric is indispensable, not only in the
academic and scholarly community but also in the world beyond. For instance, this is acknowledged
by the Royal Academy (KNAW) which until now has provided funding and stimuli for a great variety
of (publishing) projects in the history of science (cf. Rapport Raad voor de Geesteswetenschappen
Leerstoelen op het gebied van de geschiedenis van de verschillende disciplines, 2005). This type of
support originates in the conviction that the history and philosophy of science provide an
indispensable reservoir of knowledge and case-studies that assist the KNAW in performing its role
as one of the nation’s chief guardians of the breadth, level and quality of Dutch science and
scholarship. In addition, a growing number of third parties such as hospitals, scientific societies,
university departments and the occasional business company has commissioned a good number of
studies in the field of the history of science. Cooperation has been established with researchers at
prominent partner institutions such as the Huygens Instituut (KNAW) in The Hague, the Philosophy
Centre at the University of Oxford, the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the
University of Pittsburgh, the History Department at UCLA, and the Institut Alexandre Koyre in
Paris.
In the future these existing contacts and relations need to be put on a firmer basis. Moreover, as
national and EU governmental agencies (The Lisbon Agreement, Innovatieplatform) aim at a more
extensive control of the development of science in order the achieve a higher level of European
competitiveness, an additional role for this focus and the Descartes Centre presents itself. Its
comparative and interdisciplinary research of the dynamism of the development, dissemination,
reception and application of scholarly and scientific innovations in the past supplies valuable
insights that can serve to support the introduction of more successful innovative policies in the
future. As a result, closer relationships with the Economic and Educational Ministries need to be
established.
The focus area can apply for means in various NWO programmes:
- Culturele Dynamiek (NWO).
- NWO FOCUS project INFINITY, infinite Objects, computation, modelling and reasoning
(http://fspc282.few.vu.nl/infinity/index.php/Main_Page).
- Dutch-Russian cooperation program NWO/RFBR Logical models of human and mechanical
reasoning.
- Negotiations are presently going on with the European Science Foundation to establish a
European Program in the Philosophy and Foundations of Science.
Key figures
This focus on History and Philosophy of Science differs from the other university foci in that its
mass is small. On the other hand its focus is new as it stresses interdisciplinarity and systematic
comparisons, encompasses in principle all branches of science and recruits its members from all
3
seven Faculties at Utrecht University. It occupies a unique position in the Netherlands and has the
potential to develop into one of the chief innovative centres for the history and philosophy of
science and scholarship in Europe.
• Participating research groups
‘Cultural infrastructure and intellectual culture in the modern age’, ‘History and foundations of
science’, ‘History of reception and edition of texts’, ‘Logic, meaning and cognition’.
Daarnaast participeren in dit foci eveneens alle leerstoelen op het gebied van
wetenschapsgeschiedenis en wetenschapsfilosofie uit andere onderzoeksgroepen van de UU.
Recent results in quality assessment:
History and Foundations of Science (Bètawetenschappen, 2003)
quality >4; productivity 3,5; relevance 4,5; prospects 4,5
Cultural Infrastructure and Intellectual Culture in the Modern Age (GW, 2005)
quality 3,75; productivity 3,25; relevance 4,5; prospects 4,5
Hierbij dient te worden opgemerkt dat de visitatiecommissie met name de groep die zich bezig
houdt met wetenschapsgeschiedenis hoog acht en Utrecht op dit gebied beschouwt als vernieuwer.
History of Reception and Edition of Texts (GW, 2005)
quality 5; productivity 5; relevance 5; prospects 5
Logic, Meaning and Cognition (GW, 2005)
quality 5; productivity 5; relevance 5; prospects 4
Deze groep wordt hier opgenomen met name vanwege het grondslagenonderzoek van de logici.
● Professors involved
- Prof.dr. Keimpe Algra (Geesteswetenschappen/Wijsbegeerte)
- Prof.dr.H.F.Cohen (Geschiedenis en Kunstgeschiedenis/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Dennis Dieks (Betawetenschappen, Natuurkunde)
- Prof.dr. Leen Dorsman (Geesteswetenschappen/Letteren)
- Prof.dr.D.M.Grube (Godgeleerdheid/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Ton Hol (REBO/Rechtsgeleerdheid)
- Prof.dr. Frank Huisman (Geneeskunde)
- Prof.dr. Jan Hogendijk (Betawetenschappen, Wiskunde)
- Prof.dr. Willem Koops (Sociale wetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Peter Koolmees (Geneeskunde/Diergeneeskunde)
- Prof.dr. Frans van Lunteren (Betawetenschappen/Natuurkunde)
- Prof.dr. Wijnand Mijnhardt (Geesteswetenschappen/Letteren)
- Prof.dr.J.M.van Ophuijsen (departement Wijsbegeerte/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Toine Pieters (Betawetenschappen/Farmacie)
- Prof.dr.M.Sarot (departement Godgeleerdheid/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr.P.L.M.Steenbakkers (departement Wijsbegeerte/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Sandra Schruijer (REBO/Utrecht School of Governance)
- Prof.dr. Bert Theunissen (Betawetenschappen/Natuurkunde)
- Prof.dr. Theo Verbeek (Geesteswetenschappen/Wijsbegeerte)
- Prof.dr. Joost Vijselaar (Geesteswetenschappen/Geneeskunde)
- Prof.dr. Albert Visser (Geesteswetenschappen/Wijsbegeerte)
Within the faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences position will become available within the
scope of this focus area. Part of them concerns the history and foundations of the education and
development of children and adolescents.
● Research capacity in full time equivalents and budget (K-euro)
‘Cultural Infrastructure and Intellectual Culture in the Modern Age’ - research capacity
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 5.81 5.39 4.55 4.2 3.71
research
grants
1.61 1.05 1.19 1.05 1.26
contract
research
2.66 1.61 1.19 0.84 1.05
Totaal 10.08 8.05 6.93 6.09 6.02
4
‘Cultural Infrastructure and Intellectual Culture in the Modern Age’ – budget (K-euro)
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 363 337 284 263 232
research
grants
100 65 74 65 78
contract
research
160 97 71 50 63
Totaal 623 499 429 378 373
‘History of Reception and Edition of Texts’ en ‘Logic, Meaning and Cognition’ - research capacity
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 6.0 6.3 7.4 6.5 6.0
research
grants
1.4 2.1 0.5 0.5 1.8
contract
research
- - - - -
Totaal 7.4 8.4 7.9 7.0 7.8
‘History of Reception and Edition of Texts’ en ‘Logic, Meaning and Cognition’ – budget (K-euro)
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 378 404 472 429 395
research
grants
56.7 85.1 20.3 20.3 78
contract
research
- - - - -
Totaal 435 489 492 449 473
History and Foundations of Science - research capacity
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 3.0 2.9 2.6 3.5 3.8
research
grants
2.2 2.2 0.5 0.4 1.1
contract
research
1 1.0
Totaal 6.2 6.1 3.1 3.9 4.9
History and Foundations of Science – budget (K-euro)
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 262 324 342 294 327
research
grants
p.m. 62 77 30 53
contract
research
30 54 52 69 32
Totaal 292 440 471 393 412
● Personal grants at the Dutch research foundations / Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences
This table shows grants exclusively acquired in the field of history and philosophy of sciences.
Participants in the focus area have also acquired grants in other fields of research.
Above that the table only shows grants acquired by one of the three participating research groups.
- NWO-project: prof.dr Th. Verbeek, Towards a new edition of Descartes.
- NWO-project: prof.dr Th. Verbeek, Descartes and his network.
- NWO-project: prof.dr. K. Algra, Stoicism in Context.
- NWO-project: prof.dr. J. Hogendijk, History of Mathematics and Astronomy.
- NWO-prioriteitsprogramma: prof.dr. W. Mijnhardt, Nederlandse Cultuur in Europese Contekst.
- NWO-vervangingssubsidie: dr. E. Jonker, Geschiedenis op het snijvlak van moraal, politiek en
wetenschap.
5
- NWO-programma: Culturele vernieuwing en de grondslagen van de geesteswetenschappen: dr.
E. Jonker, Re-vitalizing the humanities.
- NWO programma: Culturele vernieuwing en de grondslagen van de geesteswetenschappen:
prof.dr. Dorsman, Het statuut van de Letterenfaculteit.
- NWO-FOCUS project: INFINITY, infinite Objects, computation, modeling and reasoning: prof.dr.
A. Visser. Other participants VU, CWI (http://fspc282.few.vu.nl/infinity/index.php/Main_Page).
- Dutch-Russian cooperation program NWO/RFBR project: Logical models of human and
mechanical reasoning, prof.dr. A. Visser.
- Vernieuwingsimpuls Vidi: dr. F. Muller, Wat ontdekt de natuurwetenschap?
- Vernieuwingsimpuls Veni: dr. J. van Dongen, Einstein versus experiment en de geschiedenis van
de quantumtheorie.
• Other measures of esteem
This table shows measures of esteem in relation to the field of history and philosophy of sciences.
Participants in the focus area have also acquired grants in other fields of research.
Above that the table only shows measures of esteem related to one of the three participating
research groups.
- Members KNAW: prof.dr. W. Mijnhardt, prof.dr. K. Algra, prof.dr. Th. Verbeek, prof.dr. A. Visser.
- Bijzondere leerstoel KNAW: prof.dr. B. Theunissen.
- EU Marie Curie fellowship: dr. A. Afriat.
- Getty Research Institute Los Angeles: prof.dr. W. Mijnhardt, At the cutting edge of religion and
cosmopolitanism: Bernard Picarts Céremonies et Coutumes Religieuses de Tous les Peuples du
Monde (1723 -1743) and the European Enlightenment.
- ESF-Network Philosophy and Foundations of Physics.
- The University Board singled out the program for the History and Foundations of Science for
special consideration and protection (resulting in awarding so-called ‘pareltjesgeld’ funding).
- High potential programme: dr. T. Tieleman, Habent Sua Fata Libell (project on the relation
between Christianity and the Hellenic world).
- Prof.dr. F. van Lunteren: Professor of the History of Science at the Free University of Amsterdam
(0.4 fte).
- Prof.dr. J. Hogendijk. Professor of History of Mathematics at Leiden University (0,2); Adjunct
Professor of History of Mathematics at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran,
Saudi Arabia.
- The Utrecht Institute for History and Foundations of Science is the home of the most prestigious
international journal in the field: History and Philosophy of Modern Physics (Elsevier). (prof.dr. D.
Dieks and dr. J. Uffink, editors). Prof.dr. D. Dieks is also Editor (together with prof.dr. M. Redei)
of the Elsevier book series Philosophy and Foundations of Physics. Prof.dr. K. Algra is editor of
Phronesis and of the book series Philosophia Antiqua (Leiden: Brill). Prof.dr. Th. Verbeek is editor
of the Journal of the History of Philosophy and the British Journal of the History of Philosophy.
- Einstein studies (Critical edition of Einstein’s Collected Works): dr. J. van Dongen.
History and Philosophy of Science
General
• Submitting deans:
- prof.dr. Wiljan van den Akker (Humanities)
- prof.dr. Albert Cornelissen (Veterinary Medicine)
- prof.mr. Adriaan Dorresteijn (Law, Economics & Governance)
- prof.dr. Willem Koops (Social and Behavioural Sciences)
- prof.dr. Gerard van Koten (Science)
- prof.dr. Hans Stoof (University Medial Centre)
- prof.dr. Bert van der Zwaan (Geosciences)
• Participating research foci:
- all chairs in the field of history and philosophy of science. Furthermore:
- History of Reception and Edition of Texts (Humanities)
- History and Foundations of Science (Science)
- Cultural Infrastructure and Intellectual Culture in the Modern Age (Humanities)
- Logic, Meaning and Cognition (Humanities)
Scientific core of the focus area
History and Philosophy of Science aims at bringing together: 1) the study of foundational and
methodological problems in the exact sciences, social sciences and humanities, and their
conceptual evolution, 2) the comparative analysis of the historical evolution of scholarly and
scientific cultures. These goals are brought together in order to promote the integration of the
historical, philosophical and sociological approaches in the history and philosophy of science and
thereby the comparative study of these various branches of learning.
In recent years the history of the sciences and the humanities has developed from a history of men
and their ideas into a history of the evolution of scholarly and scientific cultures. This approach is
based on the conviction that scientific growth cannot be understood without a thorough knowledge
of the social and cultural context science and scholarship originate in, and that the analysis of the
production of scientific and scholarly ideas is incomplete without the study of their dissemination
and reception. A history of the evolution of scientific cultures studies scientific development, not as
the natural product of the universality of science and scholarship, but as the result of the
continuous battle between rivalling claims, between actors and institutions and their capacities and
resources in ever expanding networks, the outcome of which varies according to time and place.
This novel approach requires a comparative and interdisciplinary perspective.
At the same time, it remains true that science cannot be understood without a detailed study of its
content, methodology and concepts. Developments within science continuously give rise to new
conceptual problems and foundational questions, whose study in turn influences scientific
development. Such methodological and conceptual investigations, emanating from a scrutiny of
science itself, are obviously important for the philosophy of science. In general, the philosophy of
science has recently seen a change from very general, often normative, meta-considerations to an
approach on particular case studies. This provides a natural link to the just-mentioned historical
approach, because specific scientific theories are situated in their philosophical, ideological and
social contexts. By this approach it can be brought to light, e.g., what is presupposed in a
particular theory without any assumption that all scientific disciplines fall under one methodological
or conceptual scheme.
Positioning
This focus can build on an excellent tradition of scholarship. Utrecht University is the only Dutch
university which can boast the unique constellation of an Institute for the History and Foundations
of Science (with two chairs, one in Philosophy and Foundations of Science and the other in History
of Science), two chairs in History of Philosophy, a chair in Logic and Philosophy of Mathematics,
chairs in History of Mathematics, History of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University History,
History of Psychiatry, History and Philosophy of Law, History and Philosophy of Theology and
History of Pharmaceutics (while chairs in History of the Humanities, the History of the Social
Sciences and the History of the Geo-Sciences are in the making). Moreover, Utrecht has a long
tradition in studying philosophy of science, not as a general and normative discipline, but as
foundational research conducted in close connection with particular disciplines (foundations of
physics, philosophy of mathematics, artificial intelligence, linguistics, etc). Historical studies in
Utrecht distinguish themselves by their comparative perspective and their interdisciplinary
approach based on the conviction that the complex historical interaction between scholarly and
social and cultural issues, it is necessary to reintegrate the body of knowledge and methods of the
various disciplines in the history of the sciences and the humanities. Finally, the research programs
that form the basis of this focus are linked with research master programs in philosophy, history
and philosophy of science, and comparative studies in the history of science and the humanities
(History and Philosophy of Science as well as in Historical and Comparative Studies of the Sciences
2
and Humanities).
It is against this background that the University has launched an interdisciplinary institute,
baptized the Descartes Centre, for the history and philosophy of sciences. This Descartes Centre
will constitute the natural platform for the focus group History and Philosophy of Science and its
activities. It will facilitate organizational matters and secure a fruitful link between research and
teaching at both undergraduate and graduate levels. It is also within the general context of this
new Descartes Centre that the two master programs History and Philosophy of Science and
Historical and Comparative Studies of the Sciences and Humanities will be integrated and,
eventually, merged. Conversely, the focus group may be regarded as the ‘backbone’ of the
Descartes Centre as a whole.
As far as the philosophy and foundations of science are concerned, few institutions can compete
Utrecht University. Paris (CREA and IHPST taken together) is more or less comparable to Utrecht,
other European institutes (e.g., Brussels, Louvain-la-Neuve, Budapest, Bonn, Florence, Rome,
Barcelona, Madrid, Bristol, Leeds, London) are definitely smaller. In the history of mathematics
mention should be made of the unique cooperation between this focus and various institutions in
the Islamic world, especially in Iran and Saudi Arabia.
Valorisation
Philosophy and foundations of science are not only essential in deepening and broadening scientific
reflection, but also have wider social relevance to what is called ‘knowledge-economy’. Moreover,
the ongoing debate on the impact of science and ‘enlightenment’ call for an informed contribution.
Finally, there is a feedback to science itself: e.g., several recent advances in physics originate in
foundational considerations.
In contemporary society science and scholarship or representations of it very much determine the
way politicians, citizens and administrators conceptualize their worlds. As a result, reflection on
issues such as the methods and foundations of science, the role of its cultural and political context,
the structures of its dissemination and the function of its rhetoric is indispensable, not only in the
academic and scholarly community but also in the world beyond. For instance, this is acknowledged
by the Royal Academy (KNAW) which until now has provided funding and stimuli for a great variety
of (publishing) projects in the history of science (cf. Rapport Raad voor de Geesteswetenschappen
Leerstoelen op het gebied van de geschiedenis van de verschillende disciplines, 2005). This type of
support originates in the conviction that the history and philosophy of science provide an
indispensable reservoir of knowledge and case-studies that assist the KNAW in performing its role
as one of the nation’s chief guardians of the breadth, level and quality of Dutch science and
scholarship. In addition, a growing number of third parties such as hospitals, scientific societies,
university departments and the occasional business company has commissioned a good number of
studies in the field of the history of science. Cooperation has been established with researchers at
prominent partner institutions such as the Huygens Instituut (KNAW) in The Hague, the Philosophy
Centre at the University of Oxford, the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the
University of Pittsburgh, the History Department at UCLA, and the Institut Alexandre Koyre in
Paris.
In the future these existing contacts and relations need to be put on a firmer basis. Moreover, as
national and EU governmental agencies (The Lisbon Agreement, Innovatieplatform) aim at a more
extensive control of the development of science in order the achieve a higher level of European
competitiveness, an additional role for this focus and the Descartes Centre presents itself. Its
comparative and interdisciplinary research of the dynamism of the development, dissemination,
reception and application of scholarly and scientific innovations in the past supplies valuable
insights that can serve to support the introduction of more successful innovative policies in the
future. As a result, closer relationships with the Economic and Educational Ministries need to be
established.
The focus area can apply for means in various NWO programmes:
- Culturele Dynamiek (NWO).
- NWO FOCUS project INFINITY, infinite Objects, computation, modelling and reasoning
(http://fspc282.few.vu.nl/infinity/index.php/Main_Page).
- Dutch-Russian cooperation program NWO/RFBR Logical models of human and mechanical
reasoning.
- Negotiations are presently going on with the European Science Foundation to establish a
European Program in the Philosophy and Foundations of Science.
Key figures
This focus on History and Philosophy of Science differs from the other university foci in that its
mass is small. On the other hand its focus is new as it stresses interdisciplinarity and systematic
comparisons, encompasses in principle all branches of science and recruits its members from all
3
seven Faculties at Utrecht University. It occupies a unique position in the Netherlands and has the
potential to develop into one of the chief innovative centres for the history and philosophy of
science and scholarship in Europe.
• Participating research groups
‘Cultural infrastructure and intellectual culture in the modern age’, ‘History and foundations of
science’, ‘History of reception and edition of texts’, ‘Logic, meaning and cognition’.
Daarnaast participeren in dit foci eveneens alle leerstoelen op het gebied van
wetenschapsgeschiedenis en wetenschapsfilosofie uit andere onderzoeksgroepen van de UU.
Recent results in quality assessment:
History and Foundations of Science (Bètawetenschappen, 2003)
quality >4; productivity 3,5; relevance 4,5; prospects 4,5
Cultural Infrastructure and Intellectual Culture in the Modern Age (GW, 2005)
quality 3,75; productivity 3,25; relevance 4,5; prospects 4,5
Hierbij dient te worden opgemerkt dat de visitatiecommissie met name de groep die zich bezig
houdt met wetenschapsgeschiedenis hoog acht en Utrecht op dit gebied beschouwt als vernieuwer.
History of Reception and Edition of Texts (GW, 2005)
quality 5; productivity 5; relevance 5; prospects 5
Logic, Meaning and Cognition (GW, 2005)
quality 5; productivity 5; relevance 5; prospects 4
Deze groep wordt hier opgenomen met name vanwege het grondslagenonderzoek van de logici.
● Professors involved
- Prof.dr. Keimpe Algra (Geesteswetenschappen/Wijsbegeerte)
- Prof.dr.H.F.Cohen (Geschiedenis en Kunstgeschiedenis/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Dennis Dieks (Betawetenschappen, Natuurkunde)
- Prof.dr. Leen Dorsman (Geesteswetenschappen/Letteren)
- Prof.dr.D.M.Grube (Godgeleerdheid/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Ton Hol (REBO/Rechtsgeleerdheid)
- Prof.dr. Frank Huisman (Geneeskunde)
- Prof.dr. Jan Hogendijk (Betawetenschappen, Wiskunde)
- Prof.dr. Willem Koops (Sociale wetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Peter Koolmees (Geneeskunde/Diergeneeskunde)
- Prof.dr. Frans van Lunteren (Betawetenschappen/Natuurkunde)
- Prof.dr. Wijnand Mijnhardt (Geesteswetenschappen/Letteren)
- Prof.dr.J.M.van Ophuijsen (departement Wijsbegeerte/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Toine Pieters (Betawetenschappen/Farmacie)
- Prof.dr.M.Sarot (departement Godgeleerdheid/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr.P.L.M.Steenbakkers (departement Wijsbegeerte/Geesteswetenschappen)
- Prof.dr. Sandra Schruijer (REBO/Utrecht School of Governance)
- Prof.dr. Bert Theunissen (Betawetenschappen/Natuurkunde)
- Prof.dr. Theo Verbeek (Geesteswetenschappen/Wijsbegeerte)
- Prof.dr. Joost Vijselaar (Geesteswetenschappen/Geneeskunde)
- Prof.dr. Albert Visser (Geesteswetenschappen/Wijsbegeerte)
Within the faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences position will become available within the
scope of this focus area. Part of them concerns the history and foundations of the education and
development of children and adolescents.
● Research capacity in full time equivalents and budget (K-euro)
‘Cultural Infrastructure and Intellectual Culture in the Modern Age’ - research capacity
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 5.81 5.39 4.55 4.2 3.71
research
grants
1.61 1.05 1.19 1.05 1.26
contract
research
2.66 1.61 1.19 0.84 1.05
Totaal 10.08 8.05 6.93 6.09 6.02
4
‘Cultural Infrastructure and Intellectual Culture in the Modern Age’ – budget (K-euro)
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 363 337 284 263 232
research
grants
100 65 74 65 78
contract
research
160 97 71 50 63
Totaal 623 499 429 378 373
‘History of Reception and Edition of Texts’ en ‘Logic, Meaning and Cognition’ - research capacity
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 6.0 6.3 7.4 6.5 6.0
research
grants
1.4 2.1 0.5 0.5 1.8
contract
research
- - - - -
Totaal 7.4 8.4 7.9 7.0 7.8
‘History of Reception and Edition of Texts’ en ‘Logic, Meaning and Cognition’ – budget (K-euro)
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 378 404 472 429 395
research
grants
56.7 85.1 20.3 20.3 78
contract
research
- - - - -
Totaal 435 489 492 449 473
History and Foundations of Science - research capacity
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 3.0 2.9 2.6 3.5 3.8
research
grants
2.2 2.2 0.5 0.4 1.1
contract
research
1 1.0
Totaal 6.2 6.1 3.1 3.9 4.9
History and Foundations of Science – budget (K-euro)
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
direct funding 262 324 342 294 327
research
grants
p.m. 62 77 30 53
contract
research
30 54 52 69 32
Totaal 292 440 471 393 412
● Personal grants at the Dutch research foundations / Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences
This table shows grants exclusively acquired in the field of history and philosophy of sciences.
Participants in the focus area have also acquired grants in other fields of research.
Above that the table only shows grants acquired by one of the three participating research groups.
- NWO-project: prof.dr Th. Verbeek, Towards a new edition of Descartes.
- NWO-project: prof.dr Th. Verbeek, Descartes and his network.
- NWO-project: prof.dr. K. Algra, Stoicism in Context.
- NWO-project: prof.dr. J. Hogendijk, History of Mathematics and Astronomy.
- NWO-prioriteitsprogramma: prof.dr. W. Mijnhardt, Nederlandse Cultuur in Europese Contekst.
- NWO-vervangingssubsidie: dr. E. Jonker, Geschiedenis op het snijvlak van moraal, politiek en
wetenschap.
5
- NWO-programma: Culturele vernieuwing en de grondslagen van de geesteswetenschappen: dr.
E. Jonker, Re-vitalizing the humanities.
- NWO programma: Culturele vernieuwing en de grondslagen van de geesteswetenschappen:
prof.dr. Dorsman, Het statuut van de Letterenfaculteit.
- NWO-FOCUS project: INFINITY, infinite Objects, computation, modeling and reasoning: prof.dr.
A. Visser. Other participants VU, CWI (http://fspc282.few.vu.nl/infinity/index.php/Main_Page).
- Dutch-Russian cooperation program NWO/RFBR project: Logical models of human and
mechanical reasoning, prof.dr. A. Visser.
- Vernieuwingsimpuls Vidi: dr. F. Muller, Wat ontdekt de natuurwetenschap?
- Vernieuwingsimpuls Veni: dr. J. van Dongen, Einstein versus experiment en de geschiedenis van
de quantumtheorie.
• Other measures of esteem
This table shows measures of esteem in relation to the field of history and philosophy of sciences.
Participants in the focus area have also acquired grants in other fields of research.
Above that the table only shows measures of esteem related to one of the three participating
research groups.
- Members KNAW: prof.dr. W. Mijnhardt, prof.dr. K. Algra, prof.dr. Th. Verbeek, prof.dr. A. Visser.
- Bijzondere leerstoel KNAW: prof.dr. B. Theunissen.
- EU Marie Curie fellowship: dr. A. Afriat.
- Getty Research Institute Los Angeles: prof.dr. W. Mijnhardt, At the cutting edge of religion and
cosmopolitanism: Bernard Picarts Céremonies et Coutumes Religieuses de Tous les Peuples du
Monde (1723 -1743) and the European Enlightenment.
- ESF-Network Philosophy and Foundations of Physics.
- The University Board singled out the program for the History and Foundations of Science for
special consideration and protection (resulting in awarding so-called ‘pareltjesgeld’ funding).
- High potential programme: dr. T. Tieleman, Habent Sua Fata Libell (project on the relation
between Christianity and the Hellenic world).
- Prof.dr. F. van Lunteren: Professor of the History of Science at the Free University of Amsterdam
(0.4 fte).
- Prof.dr. J. Hogendijk. Professor of History of Mathematics at Leiden University (0,2); Adjunct
Professor of History of Mathematics at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran,
Saudi Arabia.
- The Utrecht Institute for History and Foundations of Science is the home of the most prestigious
international journal in the field: History and Philosophy of Modern Physics (Elsevier). (prof.dr. D.
Dieks and dr. J. Uffink, editors). Prof.dr. D. Dieks is also Editor (together with prof.dr. M. Redei)
of the Elsevier book series Philosophy and Foundations of Physics. Prof.dr. K. Algra is editor of
Phronesis and of the book series Philosophia Antiqua (Leiden: Brill). Prof.dr. Th. Verbeek is editor
of the Journal of the History of Philosophy and the British Journal of the History of Philosophy.
- Einstein studies (Critical edition of Einstein’s Collected Works): dr. J. van Dongen.
Gender and Society
Gender identity (or core gender identity) is a person's own sense of identification as male or female. The term is intended to distinguish this psychological association, from physiological and sociological aspects of gender. Gender identity is how one personally identifies his or her gender regardless of their sex characteristics. It does not have to be either man or woman, but can be a combination of feminine, masculine and androgynous feelings. Gender identity was originally a medical term used to explain sex reassignment surgery to the public.[1] The term is also found in psychology, often as core gender identity.[2] Sociology, gender studies and feminism are still inclined to refer to gender identity, gender role and erotic preference under the catch-all term gender.[citation needed]
Some workers in the field have suggested that gender identity is affected by "genetic, prenatal hormonal, postnatal social, and postpubertal hormonal determinants."[3] Biological factors include the influence of testosterone and gene regulation in brain cells. Social factors are primarily based on the family, as gender identity is thought to be formed by the third year of life.[2] However, it is now thought that the innate gender identity, although powerfully influenced by the sex of the genitalia and the gender of rearing, is not determined by these factors. There is evidence[4] that sex differentiation of the brain may be inconsistent with other sex characteristics, resulting in individuals dressing and/or behaving in a way which is perceived by others as being outside cultural gender norms; these gender expressions may be described as gender variant.
Self concept or self identity may be informed by how a person understands how others perceive them. Gender Identity does not refer to the placing of a person into one of the categories male or female; but without including the concept of interaction with society at large the term has no meaning. We are social beings. People who identify as Transsexual may strongly desire that other people consider them to belong to a gender opposite to that of their karyotype; but often are simply trying to modify their bodies and behaviors to match how they feel inside, which may not have anything to do with being either male, female, a man, or a woman.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (302.85) has five criteria that must be met before a diagnosis of gender identity disorder (GID) can be made. "In gender identity disorder, there is discordance between the natal sex of one's external genitalia and the brain coding of one's gender as masculine or feminine."[1]
Some workers in the field have suggested that gender identity is affected by "genetic, prenatal hormonal, postnatal social, and postpubertal hormonal determinants."[3] Biological factors include the influence of testosterone and gene regulation in brain cells. Social factors are primarily based on the family, as gender identity is thought to be formed by the third year of life.[2] However, it is now thought that the innate gender identity, although powerfully influenced by the sex of the genitalia and the gender of rearing, is not determined by these factors. There is evidence[4] that sex differentiation of the brain may be inconsistent with other sex characteristics, resulting in individuals dressing and/or behaving in a way which is perceived by others as being outside cultural gender norms; these gender expressions may be described as gender variant.
Self concept or self identity may be informed by how a person understands how others perceive them. Gender Identity does not refer to the placing of a person into one of the categories male or female; but without including the concept of interaction with society at large the term has no meaning. We are social beings. People who identify as Transsexual may strongly desire that other people consider them to belong to a gender opposite to that of their karyotype; but often are simply trying to modify their bodies and behaviors to match how they feel inside, which may not have anything to do with being either male, female, a man, or a woman.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (302.85) has five criteria that must be met before a diagnosis of gender identity disorder (GID) can be made. "In gender identity disorder, there is discordance between the natal sex of one's external genitalia and the brain coding of one's gender as masculine or feminine."[1]
Gay and Lesbian Studies
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered Studies
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered Studies is an interdisciplinary field, so the sources listed here represent only a sampling of the library's collection. You can begin locating books, and articles from magazines, journals and newspapers using some of the resources listed below.
Find Background Information — Reference Materials
Taking a few minutes to read about your topic in a specialized database, encyclopedia, dictionary or handbook may be one of the most effective and time-saving research tips in this guide. These resources can help you define unfamiliar terms, locate quick biographical and bibliographical information, and verify dates and events. If you'd like to learn more about research and online resources stop by the Reference Desk, or take a class at the Library (http://library.ucsc.edu/instruction/workshops/).
Bisexual Resource Guide Ref HQ74. B558 2000
Cassell's Encyclopedia of Queer Myth, Symbol and Spirit Ref HQ75.5. C66 1997
Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures Ref HQ75.13. E53 2000 (2 volume set)
Gay and Lesbian Americans and Political Participation: A Reference Handbook Ref HQ76.3. U5 S59 2002
Gay and Lesbian Atlas Ref HQ76.3. U5 G355 2004
Gay and Lesbian Issues: A Reference Handbook Ref HQ76.25. S748 2003
Gay Rights on Trial: A Reference Handbook Ref KF4754.5. W35 2002
LGBT: Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender History in America
Ref HQ76.3. U5 E53 2003
Queer Encyclopedia of the Visual Arts Ref N72. H64 Q44 2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find Journal Articles
Try starting your search with a periodical index that arranges articles by subject. There are many indexes to choose from, many available online. Often over-looked resources for journal articles are the bibliographies that can be found at the end of related journal articles or in books on your topic. Stop by the Reference Desk for help. For a more detailed description, see "How to Find Journal Articles" (library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/find_articles.html).
Academic Search Complete (EBSCOhost) — A searchable database with citations and abstracts for journal articles covering all academic disciplines. Full text is available for more than 50% of the articles in this database. Subject areas: art and art history, general subjects, humanities, science and engineering, social sciences.
LexisNexis — The news section contains the text of many regional, national, and international newspapers and other news sources.
Sociological Abstracts — Contains citations for journal articles and documents in sociology and other social and behavioral sciences.
MLA (literature) — Contains citations for articles, books, and book chapters in literature, languages, linguistics, and folklore.
PsycINFO (psychology) — Citations and abstracts of articles, books, and book chapters on psychology and related disciplines.
WRI (Women's Resources International) — Contains over 232,000 citations and abstracts of historical and current research in Women's Studies, with a focus on health and international issues.
CWI (Contemporary Women's Issues) — Global information about women, full-text. Covers journal articles, newsletters, and research reports. Topics include sociology, psychology, health, education, and human rights.
GenderWatch — Full-text database of scholarly journals, magazines, newspapers, newsletters, pamphlets, conference proceedings, and government reports that focus on the impact of gender, men, and women across disciplines.
The UC-eLinks icon in most online databases will lead you to online text when available, the call numbers for print copies of journals, and forms for requesting items through interlibrary loan if UCSC doesn't own the journal. See the UC-eLinks Guide (http://library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/elinks.html) for more information.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Core Journals
The Advocate
Archives of Sexual Behavior
Differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies
Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide
GLQ; A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies
Hypatia
International Journal of Sexuality and Gender Studies
International Journal of Transgenderism
Journal of Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Identity
Journal of Homosexuality
Journal of Lesbian Studies
Journal of the History of Sexuality
Off Our Backs
Sex Roles
Sexualities
Sinister Wisdom
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find Books
CRUZCAT (http://cruzcat.ucsc.edu) is UCSC's online library catalog. It includes books, periodicals, maps, videos, government publications, CDs, music scores, and more materials located in both McHenry and the Science and Engineering Library. CRUZCAT does not include the text of journal articles. The MELVYL Union Catalog (http://www.dbs.cdlib.org/) contains the holdings all nine UC Libraries. It also has links to request items UCSC does not own, an interlibrary loan service available to UC students, faculty, and staff.
Try the following Library of Congress subject headings to find books on gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgendered topics:
lesbianism
gay parents
transsexuals
bisexuality
gay rights
gender identity
sexual orientation
same sex marriage
homosexuality
gay communities
See our guide to using call numbers (library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/call_numbers.html) that includes tips on locating where our books and journals are shelved in the Library.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bibliographies
A bibliography is a list of books, articles and sometimes other materials such as films and recordings. Bibliographies can be book length, within books or at the end of journal articles. These are often-overlooked resources that can be a treasure trove of related sources. Some are even annotated, with short descriptions of each entry. A well-organized, carefully selected and annotated bibliography can lead you to the best and most relevant sources on your topic.
Asian Pacific Islander Lesbian Collection and Bibliography Ref HQ75.6. A78 K56 2001
The Bent Lens: A World Guide to Gay & Lesbian Film Ref PN1995.9. H55 B46 2003
Gay and Lesbian American Plays Ref Z1229. G25.F87 1993
Gay and Lesbian Families: A Bibliography Ref HQ75.27 .N67 2000
Gay and Lesbian Literary Heritage: A Reader's Companion Ref PN56. H57 G365 2002
The Gay and Lesbian Movement Ref HQ76.5. R53 1996
Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies Ref HQ75.15. R43 2000
Who's Who in Lesbian and Gay Writing Ref HQ75.13. G75 2002
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find Websites
Not all information on the Web has been evaluated by librarians or scholars. If you are using a Web page as a possible research citation, apply the criteria in the Web Evaluation Guide (http://library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/evaluate.html) to determine the quality of your source.
Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Studies on InfoSurf (http://www.library.ucsb.edu/subj/gay.html)
Information Resources for Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Studies from UCSB
National and International Gay and Lesbian Organizations and Publications (http://faculty.washington.edu/alvin/gayorg.htm)
Lesbian History Project (http://www-lib.usc.edu/~retter/main.html)
FTM International (Female to Male) (http://www.ftmi.org)
Educational organization serving FTM transgendered people and transsexual men.
Bisexual Options (http://www.bisexual.org/)
Created by a non-profit organization dedicated to bisexual community building and empowerment.
American Civil Liberties Union: Lesbian and Gay Rights (http://www.aclu.org/LesbianGayRights/LesbianGayRightsMain.cfm)
NTAC: The National Transgender Advocacy Coalition (http://www.ntac.org/)
Includes legal updates, existing and proposed laws, news items, gender rights bills, research and statistics, press information packages, and bylaws and other specific items of organizational structure. A valuable resource for transgender issues.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Films and Videos
The Film & Music Center (first floor, McHenry Library) maintains a collection of films and videos. CRUZCAT (http://cruzcat.ucsc.edu) is UCSC's Online Library Catalog and lists all of the films and videos held at the Library. The following are some that are relevant to Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered studies. You may also view a list of GLBT films owned by the Library.
gy VT952 Before Stonewall VT7100 Off the Straight and Narrow
VT7255 Boys Don'tCcry DVD1289 Paragraph 175
VT3256 Cut Sleeve: Lesbians & Gays of Asian/Pacific Ancestry DVD2222 P[l]ain truth: A Film From [Female] to [Male]
DVD1007 Hedwig and the Angry Inch DVD1151 Queer as Folk
VT2993 Khush VT4013 Question of Equality
DVD1206 The Laramie Project VT5009 Sex and the Sandinistas
VT2449 Mujeria VT2339 Tongues Untied
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Style Guides
When you write a research paper, it's important that you credit the scholars and critics who have contributed to your ideas, whatever the format their publications may take (print, sound, film, WWW). There are guides specific to certain fields of study, or your professor or instructor may request a specific bibliographic and citation style. Some Reference Guides that provide more detail on bibliographies and specific style guides are:
Citations and References (http://library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/annotated.html)
MLA Style Guide (http://library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/mla_citations.html)
The Bible says about the Gay and Lesbians: Romans 1:18-32
1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of people who suppress the truth by their unrighteousness, 1:19 because what can be known about God is plain to them; because God has made it plain to them. 1:20 For since the creation of the world his invisible attributes—his eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, because they are understood through what has been made. So people are without excuse. 1:21 For although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God or give him thanks, but they became futile in their thoughts and their senseless hearts were darkened. 1:22 Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools 1:23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for an image resembling a mortal human being and birds and four-footed animals and reptiles.1:24 Therefore God gave them over in the desires of their hearts to impurity, to dishonor their bodies among themselves. 1:25. They exchanged the truth of God for a lie and worshiped and served the creation rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.1:26 For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged the natural sexual relations for unnatural ones, 1:27 and likewise the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed in their passions for one another. Men committed shameless acts with men and received in themselves the due penalty for their error. 1:28 And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do what should not be done. 1:29 They are filled with every kind of unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, malice. They are rife with envy, murder, strife, deceit, hostility. They are gossips, 1:30 slanderers, haters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, contrivers of all sorts of evil, disobedient to parents, 1:31 senseless, covenant-breakers, heartless, ruthless. 1:32. Although they fully know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them.
JesusChrist is Love… He invites you to leave the type of life you are living as a Lesbian or Homosexual, or similar… and you must be repented of it, you must confess this sin and never come back to do those homosexual or lesbians or similar activities, for sure, if your are sincerely repented… God will forgive you and He will give you the opportunity of have eternal life and live with God in Heaven when you die. Please do it now, accept in your heart the God of gods, Lord of lords, the King of kings. Repeat these words:
Lord, I confess this sin, please forgive me, I recognize you as God, I recognize that you died for me crucified, and now you live, please come in to my heart. I accept you as the Only God. Please write my name in the Book of Life and give me the opportunity to have eternal life. Give me the power, I do not want to come back, I would like to be a new creature. In the name of Jesus, Amen.
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered Studies is an interdisciplinary field, so the sources listed here represent only a sampling of the library's collection. You can begin locating books, and articles from magazines, journals and newspapers using some of the resources listed below.
Find Background Information — Reference Materials
Taking a few minutes to read about your topic in a specialized database, encyclopedia, dictionary or handbook may be one of the most effective and time-saving research tips in this guide. These resources can help you define unfamiliar terms, locate quick biographical and bibliographical information, and verify dates and events. If you'd like to learn more about research and online resources stop by the Reference Desk, or take a class at the Library (http://library.ucsc.edu/instruction/workshops/).
Bisexual Resource Guide Ref HQ74. B558 2000
Cassell's Encyclopedia of Queer Myth, Symbol and Spirit Ref HQ75.5. C66 1997
Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures Ref HQ75.13. E53 2000 (2 volume set)
Gay and Lesbian Americans and Political Participation: A Reference Handbook Ref HQ76.3. U5 S59 2002
Gay and Lesbian Atlas Ref HQ76.3. U5 G355 2004
Gay and Lesbian Issues: A Reference Handbook Ref HQ76.25. S748 2003
Gay Rights on Trial: A Reference Handbook Ref KF4754.5. W35 2002
LGBT: Encyclopedia of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender History in America
Ref HQ76.3. U5 E53 2003
Queer Encyclopedia of the Visual Arts Ref N72. H64 Q44 2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find Journal Articles
Try starting your search with a periodical index that arranges articles by subject. There are many indexes to choose from, many available online. Often over-looked resources for journal articles are the bibliographies that can be found at the end of related journal articles or in books on your topic. Stop by the Reference Desk for help. For a more detailed description, see "How to Find Journal Articles" (library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/find_articles.html).
Academic Search Complete (EBSCOhost) — A searchable database with citations and abstracts for journal articles covering all academic disciplines. Full text is available for more than 50% of the articles in this database. Subject areas: art and art history, general subjects, humanities, science and engineering, social sciences.
LexisNexis — The news section contains the text of many regional, national, and international newspapers and other news sources.
Sociological Abstracts — Contains citations for journal articles and documents in sociology and other social and behavioral sciences.
MLA (literature) — Contains citations for articles, books, and book chapters in literature, languages, linguistics, and folklore.
PsycINFO (psychology) — Citations and abstracts of articles, books, and book chapters on psychology and related disciplines.
WRI (Women's Resources International) — Contains over 232,000 citations and abstracts of historical and current research in Women's Studies, with a focus on health and international issues.
CWI (Contemporary Women's Issues) — Global information about women, full-text. Covers journal articles, newsletters, and research reports. Topics include sociology, psychology, health, education, and human rights.
GenderWatch — Full-text database of scholarly journals, magazines, newspapers, newsletters, pamphlets, conference proceedings, and government reports that focus on the impact of gender, men, and women across disciplines.
The UC-eLinks icon in most online databases will lead you to online text when available, the call numbers for print copies of journals, and forms for requesting items through interlibrary loan if UCSC doesn't own the journal. See the UC-eLinks Guide (http://library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/elinks.html) for more information.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Core Journals
The Advocate
Archives of Sexual Behavior
Differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies
Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide
GLQ; A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies
Hypatia
International Journal of Sexuality and Gender Studies
International Journal of Transgenderism
Journal of Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Identity
Journal of Homosexuality
Journal of Lesbian Studies
Journal of the History of Sexuality
Off Our Backs
Sex Roles
Sexualities
Sinister Wisdom
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find Books
CRUZCAT (http://cruzcat.ucsc.edu) is UCSC's online library catalog. It includes books, periodicals, maps, videos, government publications, CDs, music scores, and more materials located in both McHenry and the Science and Engineering Library. CRUZCAT does not include the text of journal articles. The MELVYL Union Catalog (http://www.dbs.cdlib.org/) contains the holdings all nine UC Libraries. It also has links to request items UCSC does not own, an interlibrary loan service available to UC students, faculty, and staff.
Try the following Library of Congress subject headings to find books on gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgendered topics:
lesbianism
gay parents
transsexuals
bisexuality
gay rights
gender identity
sexual orientation
same sex marriage
homosexuality
gay communities
See our guide to using call numbers (library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/call_numbers.html) that includes tips on locating where our books and journals are shelved in the Library.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bibliographies
A bibliography is a list of books, articles and sometimes other materials such as films and recordings. Bibliographies can be book length, within books or at the end of journal articles. These are often-overlooked resources that can be a treasure trove of related sources. Some are even annotated, with short descriptions of each entry. A well-organized, carefully selected and annotated bibliography can lead you to the best and most relevant sources on your topic.
Asian Pacific Islander Lesbian Collection and Bibliography Ref HQ75.6. A78 K56 2001
The Bent Lens: A World Guide to Gay & Lesbian Film Ref PN1995.9. H55 B46 2003
Gay and Lesbian American Plays Ref Z1229. G25.F87 1993
Gay and Lesbian Families: A Bibliography Ref HQ75.27 .N67 2000
Gay and Lesbian Literary Heritage: A Reader's Companion Ref PN56. H57 G365 2002
The Gay and Lesbian Movement Ref HQ76.5. R53 1996
Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies Ref HQ75.15. R43 2000
Who's Who in Lesbian and Gay Writing Ref HQ75.13. G75 2002
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find Websites
Not all information on the Web has been evaluated by librarians or scholars. If you are using a Web page as a possible research citation, apply the criteria in the Web Evaluation Guide (http://library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/evaluate.html) to determine the quality of your source.
Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Studies on InfoSurf (http://www.library.ucsb.edu/subj/gay.html)
Information Resources for Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Studies from UCSB
National and International Gay and Lesbian Organizations and Publications (http://faculty.washington.edu/alvin/gayorg.htm)
Lesbian History Project (http://www-lib.usc.edu/~retter/main.html)
FTM International (Female to Male) (http://www.ftmi.org)
Educational organization serving FTM transgendered people and transsexual men.
Bisexual Options (http://www.bisexual.org/)
Created by a non-profit organization dedicated to bisexual community building and empowerment.
American Civil Liberties Union: Lesbian and Gay Rights (http://www.aclu.org/LesbianGayRights/LesbianGayRightsMain.cfm)
NTAC: The National Transgender Advocacy Coalition (http://www.ntac.org/)
Includes legal updates, existing and proposed laws, news items, gender rights bills, research and statistics, press information packages, and bylaws and other specific items of organizational structure. A valuable resource for transgender issues.
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Films and Videos
The Film & Music Center (first floor, McHenry Library) maintains a collection of films and videos. CRUZCAT (http://cruzcat.ucsc.edu) is UCSC's Online Library Catalog and lists all of the films and videos held at the Library. The following are some that are relevant to Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered studies. You may also view a list of GLBT films owned by the Library.
gy VT952 Before Stonewall VT7100 Off the Straight and Narrow
VT7255 Boys Don'tCcry DVD1289 Paragraph 175
VT3256 Cut Sleeve: Lesbians & Gays of Asian/Pacific Ancestry DVD2222 P[l]ain truth: A Film From [Female] to [Male]
DVD1007 Hedwig and the Angry Inch DVD1151 Queer as Folk
VT2993 Khush VT4013 Question of Equality
DVD1206 The Laramie Project VT5009 Sex and the Sandinistas
VT2449 Mujeria VT2339 Tongues Untied
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Style Guides
When you write a research paper, it's important that you credit the scholars and critics who have contributed to your ideas, whatever the format their publications may take (print, sound, film, WWW). There are guides specific to certain fields of study, or your professor or instructor may request a specific bibliographic and citation style. Some Reference Guides that provide more detail on bibliographies and specific style guides are:
Citations and References (http://library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/annotated.html)
MLA Style Guide (http://library.ucsc.edu/ref/howto/mla_citations.html)
The Bible says about the Gay and Lesbians: Romans 1:18-32
1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of people who suppress the truth by their unrighteousness, 1:19 because what can be known about God is plain to them; because God has made it plain to them. 1:20 For since the creation of the world his invisible attributes—his eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, because they are understood through what has been made. So people are without excuse. 1:21 For although they knew God, they did not glorify him as God or give him thanks, but they became futile in their thoughts and their senseless hearts were darkened. 1:22 Although they claimed to be wise, they became fools 1:23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for an image resembling a mortal human being and birds and four-footed animals and reptiles.1:24 Therefore God gave them over in the desires of their hearts to impurity, to dishonor their bodies among themselves. 1:25. They exchanged the truth of God for a lie and worshiped and served the creation rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.1:26 For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged the natural sexual relations for unnatural ones, 1:27 and likewise the men also abandoned natural relations with women and were inflamed in their passions for one another. Men committed shameless acts with men and received in themselves the due penalty for their error. 1:28 And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do what should not be done. 1:29 They are filled with every kind of unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, malice. They are rife with envy, murder, strife, deceit, hostility. They are gossips, 1:30 slanderers, haters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, contrivers of all sorts of evil, disobedient to parents, 1:31 senseless, covenant-breakers, heartless, ruthless. 1:32. Although they fully know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them.
JesusChrist is Love… He invites you to leave the type of life you are living as a Lesbian or Homosexual, or similar… and you must be repented of it, you must confess this sin and never come back to do those homosexual or lesbians or similar activities, for sure, if your are sincerely repented… God will forgive you and He will give you the opportunity of have eternal life and live with God in Heaven when you die. Please do it now, accept in your heart the God of gods, Lord of lords, the King of kings. Repeat these words:
Lord, I confess this sin, please forgive me, I recognize you as God, I recognize that you died for me crucified, and now you live, please come in to my heart. I accept you as the Only God. Please write my name in the Book of Life and give me the opportunity to have eternal life. Give me the power, I do not want to come back, I would like to be a new creature. In the name of Jesus, Amen.
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