History and Philosophy of Science

Concepts
The Way of the Intellect


DESCRIPTION: The second of six pages on Concepts (one of the Field Nodes comprising the subject tree of The Telson Spur), this page is one of four comprising a list of links to on-line resources in science studies and in the history and philosophy of science (including the history and philosophy of mathematics and physics; the history of astronomy and cosmology; and the history and philsophy of the earth, life, and social sciences). The coordinate pages, with a common header and List of Contents, contain links to resources in philosophy, and to resources in the dialogue of science with religion and in palaetiology (i.e., historical science, broadly construed).
KEYWORDS: science studies; history of science; philosophy of science; logic; knowledge; epistemology; truth; reality; concept; theory; metascience; STS; historiography; revolution; progress; paradigm; Weltanschauung; world-view; meme; philosophy of science; logic; knowledge; epistemology; truth; reality; concept; theory



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Our science has concentrated on asking certain questions at the expense of others, although this is so woven into the fabric of our knowledge that we are generally unaware of it. In another world, the basic questions may have been asked differently.

J. Robert Oppenheimer

The important thing about our perception of Nature is that by the time we realize a problem exists we are already on the way to its solution. We are shielded from the problems we would have no hope at all of solving, simply because we cannot conceive of them. Our concepts are built from the things we can understand, and they serve us very well at our particular level of sophistication. But they scarcely permit us even a glimpse of a more advanced stage of sophistication. This is as well, for otherwise we should soon become discouraged.

Fred Hoyle

Our only experience of a successful scientific culture is of the one that actually evolved, over a period of three centuries, in the heart of European civilization. What principles were essential to its achievements, and how might those principles be safeguarded as this culture itself undergoes radical change?

John Ziman




Philosophy

Gnothi seauton.
(Know thyself!)
Inscription above the entrance to the Temple of Apollo at Delphi
(Pausanias 10.24.1; Juvenal 11.27)

The unexamined life is not worth living.
Socrates (from Plato's Apology)

Lacking coherence with our own past we frequently feel marooned in present time. Lacking a continuum of identity we are compelled, by daily challenges, to reinvent ourselves on the spot. This offense against memory would be shameful enough if it were merely due to laziness; but it is also due to something darker: a terror of self-knowledge as quiet and subtle as our terror of the unconsious.
Robert Grudin

The function of philosophy in human life is to help man remember. It has no other task. And anything that calls itself philosophy which does not serve this function is simply not philosophy.
Jacob Needleman


AAPT Australasian Association for Process Thought
AAPT Homepage (American Association of Philosophy Teachers)
Academic Info: Philosophy (Mike Madin)
Adler On: Topical Index to the Works of Mortimer J. Adler
(Center for the Study of The Great Ideas)
Alan Sondheim: Internet Philosophy and Psychology
ALEXANDRIA on the Web (David Fideler)
Alex Catalogue of Electronic Texts (Eric Lease Morgan)
All About Immanuel Kant: Andy's Carpenter's Kant World
(Andrew N. Carpenter)
The American Philosophical Association (apaOnline)
-- Guides to Philosophy on the Internet
-- Sites Dedicated to Philosophers
The American Philosophical Society
American Society for Philosophy, Counseling, and Therapy
(Warrensburg, Missouri)
American Transcendentalism Web (Ann Woodlief)

Ancient Europe: Philosophy (Hanover College)
The Ancient Philosophy Society (dir. Jill Gordon & Christopher Long)
Andy Carpenter's World of Philosophy (Andrew N. Carpenter)
The Apology (Plato)
Applied Ethics in Professional Practice
Applied Ethics Resources on WWW (UBC Centre for Applied Ethics)
ARIADNE : Search
Arisbe: The Peirce Gateway (Joseph Ransdell)
Ask a Philosopher! (Geoffrey Klempner)
AskPhilosophers.org (Alexander George, Amherst College)
ASP Home Page (Archives of Scientific Philosophy)
Astrolabe: Ethical Navigations through Virtual Technologies (ACCAD)
Augustine of Hippo (James O'Donnell, Georgetown University)
Australasian Philosophy Network: Home Page
Back to Socrates (Daoud Rofail Khashaba)

Bear Mountain Institute (Boulder, Colorado)
The Bertrand Russell Archives (McMaster University)
Best Information on the Net - Philosophy (O'Keefe Library)
Björn's Guide To Philosophy (Björn Christensson)
Blackwell Publishers' - Guide to Online Philosophy Resources
Bob Carroll's Philosophy Links (Robert Todd Carroll, Sacramento City College)
A Brief History of Time: From Thales to Callippus (Chris Weinkopf)
British Columbia Philosophy Articulation Committee
The British Society of Phenomenology
BUBL LINK: 100 Philosophy
Buzzle.com Philosophy and Religion
Cafe Philosophy (Michael Picard et al., Victoria, BC)
Canadian Philosophical Association
Canadian Philosophy Departments (CPA)
Canadian Society for Philosophical Practice
(Michael Picard et al., Victoria, BC)
Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology
(Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton)
Center for Process Studies (Jeff Sanders)

The Centre for Applied Ethics (UBC)
Centre for Meaning and Metaphysical Studies
(University of Hertfordshire)
Centre for Reasoning (Jon Williamson et al., University of Kent, Canterbury)
The Clearing Institute (dir. Jean Champagne)
-- Jean's Home Page
Codes of Ethics Online (Center for the Study of Ethics in the Professions)
CompletePlanet - Directory Philosophy
The Connection Philosophy Archive (Christopher Lydon, WBUR, Boston)
Contretemps: An Online Journal of Philosophy (John Dalton et al.)
Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy
(ed. Arran Gare et al., Swinburne University, Australia)
Critical Rationalism Study Page (Matthew Dioguardi)
CSSPE - Canadian Society for the Study of Practical Ethics
CyberDewey Class 100: Philosophy
Cybermind: An Electronic Mailing List about Cyberspace
Daoist Studies Home Page
David Hume Links

History and Philosophy of Science


This at least seems to me the main problem for philosophers.... How can we contrive to be at once astonished at the world and yet at home in it? How can this world give us at once the fascination of a strange town and the comfort and honour of being our own town?... We need this life of practical romance; the combination of something that is strange with something that is secure. We need to view the world as to combine an idea of wonder and an idea of welcome. We need to be happy in this wonderland without once being merely comfortable.
G. K. Chesterton

The core question remains: How much of science is invented and how much is discovered?
David Grinspoon


Adolf Grünbaum (University of Pittsburgh)
Adventures in Ethics and Science (Janet D. Stemwedel)
Aestimatio: Critical Reviews in the History of Science (Institute for Research in Classical Philosophy and Science)
African Americans in Science and Technology: Selected Internet Resources (Science Reference Services, Library of Congress)
Against All Reason (ed. Ian Pitchford)
Agassi, Joseph - Online Papers (Tel Aviv University)
The Alchemy Virtual Library
The Alchemy Website and Virtual Library (Adam McLean)
Alexandrian Scholarship (Ellen N. Brundige)
America's Best - Science and Medicine (CNN/TIME Special, 2001)
AntiMatters: An open-access e-journal (ed. Ulrich J. Mohrhoff et al.)
The Archimedes Palimpsest (William Noel et al.)
Archives of POPPER (Juan Carlos Garelli)
Archives of Scientific Philosophy (University of Pittsburgh)
The Art of Renaissance Science: Galileo and Perspective
(Joseph W. Dauben)
ASAPWeb Home Page (Australian Science Archives Project)
BBC - History - Science and Discovery
Beginner's Guide to Research in the History of Science
(Bibliography, Ronald C. Tobey)
Benjamin Franklin (PBS, 19-20 Nov 2002)
Benjamin Franklin: In His Own Words (American Treasures of the Library of Congress)
The Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary (The Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, 17 Jan 2006)
Biographical Memoirs (National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC)
Biographical Sources in the Sciences (Science Tracer Bullet, Science Reference Services, Library of Congress)
Britannica Guide to the Nobel Prizes

British Logic Colloquium (Eike Ritter, School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham)
British Society for the History of Science
British Society for the Philosophy of Science
BSHS List of Theses (British Society for the History of Science)
Caltech Archives On-Line Guide to Collections
Canadian Society for the History and Philosophy of Science
(York University)
Carl Gustav Hempel Collection (Archives of Scientific Philosophy, University of Pittsburgh)
CASE Cooperation on Archives of Science in Europe
Catalog of the Scientific Community in the 16th and 17th Centuries
(Richard S. Westfall & Albert Van Helden)
Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Science and Medicine (Volumes 1-24, 1950-1980)
Center for History of Recent Science (George Washington U)
Center for History of Science, Royal Swedish Academy of Science
Center for the Philosophy of Nature and Science Studies
(CPNSS, Copenhagen)
Center for Philosophy of Science (Carol Weber et al., U Pittsburgh)
Centre for History of Science (Ghent University)
Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine (University of Manchester)
Centre for Logic and Philosophy of Science (Ghent University)
Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science (London School of Economics)
Centre for Time (Department of Philosophy, University of Sydney)
Chinese Science (Ming L. Pei)
Classic Textbooks in Science (National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC)
Closer to Truth (Peter Getzels & Andrew Walworth)
Closer to Truth (Robert Lawrence Kuhn et al.)
Closer to Truth: Science, Meaning and the Future
(Robert Lawrence Kuhn et al., PBS)
Closer to Truth - Universe & Meaning
Clusty's Benjamin Franklin Portal (Jerome Pesenti, Pittsburgh)
Cohn Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Ideas (Tel-Aviv University)
CompletePlanet - Directory Philosophy of Science
Complexity and Philosophy (Francis Heylighen et al., uk.arXiv.org:cs.CC/0604072, 19 Apr 2006)
Cosmic Variance: random samplings from a universe of ideas
(Sean Carroll et al.)
-- Review (Blog life, Physics World, Feb 2007)
Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy
(ed. Arran Gare et al., Swinburne University, Australia)
Craig Callender (UCSD Philosophy)
Critical Point (column by Robert Crease, Physics World)
The Culture and History of Science Page (Hartmut Krech)
Davie & Rog's History of Western Science Home Page
(David Hale & Roger Whitson, Drury College)
Davin C. Enigl
DHS/IUHPS (Division of History of Science of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science)
Diagrammatic reasoning and modelling in the imagination: the secret weapons of the Scientific Revolution (James Franklin, in G. Freeland & A. Corones, eds., 1543 and All That: Image and Word, Change and Continuity in the Proto-Scientific Revolution (Dordrecht, 1999), pp. 53-115)
Dibner Institute for the History of Science and Technology (MIT)
The Digital Restoration of Da Vinci's Sketches (Amelia Sparavigna, arXiv:0903.1448v1 [cs.CV], 9 Mar 2009)
Discovery and Invention: A Historical Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Society: Sample Articles (ed. James Ciment, pub. M. E. Sharpe, Armonk, New York)
Disruptive Science: Brave New WorldViews (Gerry McKiernan, Iowa State University, Ames)
Does Philosophy Drive Science? A Conversation on Foundations
(21stC Issue 2.3, Spring 1997)
Early Modern Science (Hanover College)

ECHO: Exploring & Collecting History Online -- Science, Technology, and History (Center for History and New Media, George Mason University)
Edge (ed. John Brockman)
The Electric Ben Franklin (UShistory.org)
EmergentMind.org, Mapping the Frontiers of Consciousness
(Lian Sidorov et al.)
Epact: Scientific Instruments of Medieval and Renaissance Europe
(Jim Bennett et al., Oxford University)
EPSA (European Philosophy of Science Association)
Eric Weisstein's World of Scientific Biography
(Eric W. Weisstein)
Evidence | How Do We Know What We Know? A Case Study in Human Origins (Exploratorium)
Evolution of Evolution - 150 Years of Darwin's "On the Origin of Species" (Special Report, US National Science Foundation, 11 Feb 2009)
Expeditions: 150 Years of Smithsonian Research in Latin America
Experimental Philosophy (blog by Adam Feltz et al.)
Exploring Leonardo (Science Learning Network)
The Faces of Science: African Americans in the Sciences
Famous Scottish Technologists and Scientists (The IEE)
Finding Franklin: Benjamin Franklin Resource Guide
(Kenneth Drexler et al., Library of Congress, Feb 2006)
Five Great Pillars (Richard A. Carrigan)
Foolproof (Brian Hayes, Computing Science, American Scientist 95(1):10-15, Jan-Feb 2007)
4000 Years of Women in Science
Franklin and His Friends: Portraying the Man of Science in Eighteenth-Century America (National Portrait Gallery)
From Certainty to Uncertainty: The Story of Science and Ideas in the Twentieth Century (F. David Peat, US National Research Council, 2002)
From Sputnik to NDEA: The Changing Role of Science During the Cold War (Garrett Moritz, 1999)

Geometry.net | History of Science
Geometry.net | Philsophy of Science
Geometry.net | Scientists
The Global Campus - Science History
Great Canadian Scientists
-- SFU Mirror
Great Experiments (Ergito.com)
Great Thinkers and Visionaries on the Net (Alexander Chislenko)
Greek and Roman Science and Technology
(T. E. Rihll, University of Wales Swansea)
Green Lion Press (William H. Donahue & Dana Densmore, Santa Fe, New Mexico)
Greg Ransom -- Home Page
The Gruber Prizes (Peter & Patricia Gruber Foundation, St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands)
Historical Text Archive | History of Science (Don Mabry)
History and Philosophy of Science Gopher (UT)
(History and) Philosophy of Science Institutions (Samuel Schindler, EPSA)
History and Philosophy of Science Subject Guide
(University of Pittsburgh)
The History and Philosophy of Science, Technology and Medicine: A Selection of Web and Other Sources (Thomas B. Settle)
History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge

History of the Journal Nature (Arran Frood et al., Nature Publishing Group, London)
History of Recent Science & Technology (Dibner Institute, MIT)
History of Science (Hopkins Philosophy Pages)
History of Science (Leeds PRS-LTSN)
History of Science (SciEd)
History of Science and Mathematics
(Michael L. Hall, University of Maryland)
History of Science and Mathematics (Peter Losin)
History of Science and Science Museums (McGill Physics)
History of Science, Mathematics and Technology
(Bob Bruen's History of Science Page)
History of Science on the Internet (DHS/IUHPS)
History of Science Society
History of Science Society (UW Departments Web Server)
History of Science, Technology, and Medicine: A Guide To Research Materials (UM Libraries)
History of Science, Technology and Medicine - Overview
(Virtual Library, Tim Sherratt)
-- Biographical Dictionary
-- Search

History of Science TV Theme - Discovery Channel School
History of Science Web Site (ed. Raffaele Pisano, University of Rome)
The History of Women & Science, Health, & Technology Gopher
HOPOS - The International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science (Virginia Tech)
-- Archives of HOPOS-L@LISTSERV.ND.EDU
HPSST-L@POST.QUEENSU.CA, Archives of
(History and Philosophy of Science and Science Teaching)
H-Sci-Med-Tech: Home
HSS-L (History of Science Society)
Human Strategies in Complexity: Philosophical Foundations for a Theory of Evolutionary Systems (Wolfgang Hofkirchner et al., Vienna)
The Humboldt Scientific Locality Index
Hypatia of Alexandria (Alexandria on the Web)
Hypatia of Alexandria (Howard A. Landman)
Idle Theory: Life Does the Least (Chris Davis, UK)
IHPST - Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (University of Toronto)
Important Moments in Science and Natural History - 20th Century
(Gary D. Sharp)
-- 300BC to 19th Century Heritage: Science and Natural History
The Increasingly Official Mary Midgley Webpage
(Nicholas Matzke)
Institute and Museum of History of Science - Florence

Institute for History and Foundations of Science
(University of Utrecht)
Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (University of Toronto)
Institute for the History of Science (IGN Frankfurt am Main)
Institute for the History of Science and Technology
(Russian Academy of Sciences)
Institute for Research in Classical Philosophy and Science
(Princeton, New Jersey)
The Institute - Institute and Museum of the History of Science (Florence, Italy)
Institute Vienna Circle --- Homepage
Instituto de la Ciencia y Tecnological en America Latina (ICTAL)
Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute for Advanced Study (Princeton)
Internet for History and Philosophy of Science
(James Sumner, RDN)
Internet History of Science Sourcebook (ed. Paul Halsall)
An Introduction to Science (Steven D. Schafersman)
Isis - Journal of the History of Science Society
-- Electronic Edition
Islamic Science (Jamil Ragep, University of Oklahoma)
Is Science Killing the Soul? (Richard Dawkins & Steven Pinker, 10 Feb 1999, Edge 3rd Culture)
Is There a Purpose in Nature? How to Navigate Between the Scylla of Mechanism and Charybid of Teleology (Forum 2000 Workshop Papers, 22-25 Mar 1998; ed. Ivan M. Havel, Prague Sep 1998)
It's Only A Theory: A blog devoted to general philosophy of science (ed. Gabriele Contessa, Carleton University, Ottawa)
The James Burke Web Repository (Peter Kim)
Jesuits and the Sciences: 1540-1995 (Eric Holzenberg et al.)
Joe Firmage (Joseph P. Firmage)
John Baptist Porta, Natural Magick (Scott L. Davis)
Joseph Needham Home Page (Christopher Cullen)
Journal of Evolution and Technology (ed. James Hughes, Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies)
The Journal of Philosophy, Science & Law
(ed. Jason Borenstein)

KLI Theory Lab (Thomas Klemm et al., Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research)
Lakatos (London School of Economics)
Leeds History and Philosophy of Science
(School of Philosophy, University of Leeds)
Leonardo da Vinci: Experience, Experiment and Design
(Victoria and Albert Museum, London)
The Leonardo da Vinci Society (London)
Links2Go: History and Philosophy of Science
The lost art of the letter (Robert P. Crease, Critical Point, Physics World, Jan 2007)
Map of Science (Richard Klavans & Kevin Boyack)
Map of science (W. Bradford Paley)
Mappermap.com (Albert G. Fonda)
Maps of Science (Dick Klavans, Directions Magazine, 10 May 2006)
Mary Hesse, Website in Honour of
MeaningofLife.tv (ed. Robert Wright)
Medieval Science (Hanover College)
Memories of Phil and Phylis Morrison (Herb Lin & Bert Singer)
Metascience (ed. Steven French et al., Kluwer Academic Publishers)
Michael Polanyi Center for Complexity, Information, and Design
The Mind of Leonardo - The Universal Genius at Work (Institute and Museum of the History of Science, Florence)
The Missing Link: A Podcast on the History of Science, Medicine, and Technology (Elizabeth Green Musselman)
Modern Europe: Science (Hanover College)
MSL Subject Guide: History of Science
(Vernon Kisling, UF Smathers Libraries)
Museum of the History of Science, University of Oxford
Muslim Scientists and Islamic Civilization (A. Zahoor)
NAHSTE: Navigational Aids for the History of Science, Technology and the Environment (RSLP, Edinburgh)
National Academy of Sciences: InterViews (Washington, DC)
Naturalism.org (Thomas W. Clark)
NetSERF: Science and Technology (ed. Andrea R. Harbin)

Newsgroup: sci.philosophy.meta
Nick Bostrom's Home Page
19th Century Scientific American Home Page
Nobel Centennial (CNN.com Special, Dec 2001)
The Nobel Channel Home Page
Nobel E-Museum (Nobel Foundation)
Nobel Prize (CBC News In Depth)
The Nobel Prize Internet Archive
The Nobel: Visions of Our Century (prod. Colleen Wilson & Angela Morgenstern, PBS/KQED, 12 Dec 2001)
Nuncius: Journal of the History of Science (Institute and Museum of the History of Science, Florence)
Old Norse Science (Thorsteinn Vilhjalmsson)
On Being a Scientist: Responsible Conduct In Research (NAS)
1000-2000 A Thousand Years (Christian Science Monitor)
Only Clouds Exist (mod. John Conway)
On Truth & Reality: The Spherical Standing Wave Structure of Matter (WSM) in Space (Karene Jade Howie & Geoff Haselhurst, SpaceandMotion.com)
Open Access and the Progress of Science (Alma Swan, Macroscope, American Scientist 95(3):197-9, May-Jun 2007)
The Pantaneto Forum (Nigel Sanitt)
Peoples Archive (Vitek & Tamara Tracz et al.)
The Phenomenon of Science: A Cybernetic Approach to Human Evolution (Valentin Turchin, 1977)

Philo Online (Society of Humanist Philosophers)
PHIL 377: History and Philosophy of Science
(Charles Ess, Drury College)
Philosophic Nature (Excogitation & Innovation Laboratory)
Philosophy and Computing - A Webliography (Luciano Floridi)
Philosophy, Cosmology, & Consciousness (Richard Kahn et al., California Institute of Integral Studies)
Philosophy, Information Theory, Complexity
(John Collier, University of KwaZulu)
Philosophy of Information (Luciano Floridi, University of Oxford)
Philosophy of Science (Hopkins Philosophy Pages)
Philosophy of Science (Hopkins Philosophy Pages 2)
Philosophy of Science (Leeds PRS -LTSN)
Philosophy of Science (Purely Academic...)
Philosophy of Science (Roger Jones)
Philosophy of Science, etc. (Peter King)
Philosophy of Science and Mathematics Events in Britain
(Mike Brown & Brendan Larvor)
Philosophy of Science and Mathematics on the Internet
(University of Hertfordshire)
Philosophy of Science Association (Columbia, South Carolina)
The Philosophy of Science, Evolution, and Scientific Creationism
(Don Lindsay)
PhilSci Archive (Philosophy of Science Archive)
PHIS - The Danish Research School in Philosophy, History of Ideas and History of Science (Vincent F. Hendricks et al., University Center of Roskilde, Denmark)
Phylosophy: Ontology Recapitulating Ontogeny (Matt Haber, University of Utah)

Pictures of Science: 700 Years of Scientific and Medical Illustration (NYPL Digital Gallery)
Piet Hut (Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton)
Places & Spaces: Mapping Science (Katy Borner et al., New York Hall of Science)
Plain Philosophy Centre (Mark Plain, Richmond, B.C.)
Playing catch-up with scientific change (Stephen Buckle, MercatorNet, 16 Aug 2007)
The Polanyi Society (Phil Mullins)
Posner Family Collection in Electronic Format (Carnegie Mellon)
The Power of Purpose Awards - Resources
(John Templeton Foundation)
Principia Cybernetica Web (ed. F. Heylighen)
-- Los Alamos Mirror
Profiles in Science (National Library of Medicine, U.S.)
PSIgate - Science Timelines (Physical Sciences Information Gateway)
Reactions to Mixing Metaphysics and Modern Science (Varadaraja V. Raman, Polydoxy, Metanexus Institute, 20 Oct 2006)
Reason in Revolt: Marxism and Modern Science (Alan Woods & Ted Grant)
Recursivity (blog by Jeffrey O. Shallit, University of Waterloo)
Rediscovering Arabic Science (Richard Covington, Saudi Aramco World, May-Jun 2007)
Resources for History of Science and Technology (David L. Langenberg, University of Delaware)
Revolting Ideas: An Introduction to the History of Science (Barbara J. Becker, History 60, University of California, Irvine)
The Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science
Russian Basic Science After Ten Years of Transition and Foreign Support (Irina Dezhina & Loren Graham, Feb 2002) PDF
Science and the Human Prospect (Ronald C. Pine, 1989, 2006; online ed. 2001, 2004)
Science and Pseudoscience (Imre Lakatos, Open University, 30 Jun 1973)
Science as Storytelling for Teaching the Nature of Science (B.R. Bickmore & D.A. Grandy, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota)
Science in the Nineteenth-Century Periodical (SciPer) Project
(J. R. Topham et al., Universities of Leeds and Sheffield)
Science Integration Institute (Todd Duncan)
Science Musings (Chet Raymo)
The Science Network (dir. Roger Bingham)
Science Philosophy Culture (Dan Agin, Google Groups)
Science -- Science Collections: History/Philosophy of Science
Science through the Centuries (University of Cambridge)
The Scientific & Medical Network Home Page
Scientific Revolution (Ellis L. Knox, History of Western Civilization)
The Scientific Revolution (Robert A. Hatch)
Scientists' Bookshelf: 100 (or so) Books That Shaped a Century of Science (Philip & Phylis Morrison, American Scientist, Nov-Dec 1999)
The Scottish Science Hall of Fame (National Library of Scotland)

Sci-Philately: A Selective History of Science on Stamps
(Maiken Naylor, University of Buffalo)
Seeing Is Believing: 700 Years of Scientific and Medical Illustration (New York Public Library Exhibition on Scientific and Medical Illustration)
Selected Internet Resources: History of Science (BARD)
Selected Web Resources in the History of Science (Marianne Stowell Bracke & Paul J. Bracke, Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, Winter 1999)
Sentient Developments: Transhumanist Perspectives on Science, Philosophy, History, and the Future of Intelligent Life (George P. Dvorsky)
Shifting Science: Philosophy of Science (Michael Joyce)
SHiPS Science Teachers Network (ed. Douglas Allchin)
SJSU Virtual Museum: The History of Mathematics, Science, and Technology (Robertta H. Barba, San Jose State University)
Smithsonian Science Service Historical Image Collection 1926-1976
Society for Philosophy of Science in Practice (University of Twente, The Netherlands)
Sources for Quotations in the Sciences (Library of Congress)
Spontaneous Generations: A Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology (Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, University of Toronto)
Steve Fuller, Home Page of (University of Warwick)
Sydney Centre for the Foundations of Science (University of Sydney)
Theory & Science Journal (International Consortium for Alternative Academic Publication)
The Third Culture: Beyond the Scientific Revolution
(ed. John Brockman, 1995)
Thought Experiments (Lawrence Souder)
Tilburg Center for Logic and Philosophy of Science (Tilburg University, The Netherlands)
Timelinescience - One Thousand Years of Scientific Thought
Time 100: Scientists and Thinkers
Today In Science History
The TPM Science Portal (The Philosophers' Magazine on the Internet)

Transhumanist Resources (Anders Sandberg)
Twisted History (Richard D. Flavin)
Ultimate Reality Bibliography (Hyung S. Choi, Canyon Institute)
The Unexpected Science to Come... (Sir John Maddox, Scientific American, Dec 1999)
Universal Leonardo (University of the Arts, London)
The Unknown and the Unknowable: A Talk with Joseph Traub
(John Brockman, Edge 9, 11 Mar 1997)
URAM: Journal of Ultimate Reality and Meaning
Urbanomic: Philosophical Research and Development (UK)
The Voyage of the Endeavour, 1768-1771
(Natural History Museum, London)
Web Links Concerning the History of Science (IVH Aarhus, Denmark)
Web Resources for History and Philosophy of Science (Leeds)
Werbos World (Paul Werbos, Arlington, Virginia)
What Makes Science 'Science'? (James Williams, The Scientist 22:10:29, 1 Oct 2008)
What Remains to Be Discovered?, with Bob May
(BBC Radio 4, Jan 2003)
What We Don't Know (John Hodgman, Wired 15.02, Feb 2007)
Why I Am Not a Postmodernist (Edward R. Friedlander)
Why I Think Science Is Ending: A Talk with John Horgan
(John Brockman, Edge 16, 6 May 1997)
Wikipedia: History of Science and Technology
Worldmapper Science Growth
The World Question Center (Edge)
Writing On Hands: Memory and Knowledge in Early Modern Europe
Yale Library: History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Zeal.com - History of Science